Phytol as an anticarcinogenic and antitumoral agent: An in vivo study in swiss mice with DMBA‐Induced breast cancer

Phytol (PHY) (3,7,11,15‐tetramethylhexadec‐2‐en‐1‐ol) exhibits various pharmacological properties including toxicity and cytotoxicity, and exerts antitumor activity. Owing to the urgent need of new pharmaceutical formulations for breast cancer therapy, this study aimed at the evaluation of antitumor...

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Published in:IUBMB life 2019-02, Vol.71 (2), p.200-212
Main Authors: de Alencar, Marcus Vinícius Oliveira Barros, Islam, Muhammad Torequl, de Lima, Rosália Maria Torres, Paz, Márcia Fernanda Correia Jardim, Reis, Antonielly Campinho, Mata, Ana Maria Oliveira Ferreira, Filho, José Williams Gomes de Oliveira, Cerqueira, Gilberto Santos, Ferreira, Paulo Michel Pinheiro, e Sousa, João Marcelo de Castro, Mubarak, Mohammad S., Melo‐Cavalcante, Ana Amélia de Carvalho
Format: Article
Language:English
Subjects:
9,10-Dimethyl-1,2-benzanthracene
9,10-Dimethyl-1,2-benzanthracene - administration & dosage
9,10-Dimethyl-1,2-benzanthracene - antagonists & inhibitors
Animals
Anticarcinogenic Agents - pharmacology
Antineoplastic Agents, Phytogenic - pharmacology
Antitumor activity
Apoptosis
Apoptosis - drug effects
Biomarkers, Tumor - genetics
Biomarkers, Tumor - metabolism
Bone marrow
Breast cancer
cancer
Carcinogens
Comet Assay
Cyclophosphamide
Cyclophosphamide - pharmacology
Cytogenetics
Cytotoxicity
DNA Damage
DNA repair
DNA Repair - drug effects
Drug Administration Schedule
Female
Genotoxicity
Hematology
Humans
Immunohistochemistry
Ki-67 Antigen - genetics
Ki-67 Antigen - metabolism
Leukocytes, Mononuclear - drug effects
Leukocytes, Mononuclear - metabolism
Leukocytes, Mononuclear - pathology
Liver
Locomotion - drug effects
Lymphocytes
Mammary Glands, Animal - drug effects
Mammary Glands, Animal - metabolism
Mammary Glands, Animal - pathology
Mammary Neoplasms, Experimental - chemically induced
Mammary Neoplasms, Experimental - drug therapy
Mammary Neoplasms, Experimental - metabolism
Mammary Neoplasms, Experimental - pathology
Mice
Phytol
Phytol - pharmacology
risk assessment
Rodents
toxicogenetic
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Summary:Phytol (PHY) (3,7,11,15‐tetramethylhexadec‐2‐en‐1‐ol) exhibits various pharmacological properties including toxicity and cytotoxicity, and exerts antitumor activity. Owing to the urgent need of new pharmaceutical formulations for breast cancer therapy, this study aimed at the evaluation of antitumor activity of PHY in 7,12‐dimethylbenzanthracene‐cancer‐induced animal model. Comet assay was employed to evaluate the cytogenetics, DNA repair, and antigenotoxic activities of PHY in neoplastic (breast) and non‐neoplastic rodent cells (bone marrow, lymphocytes, and liver). Additionally, hematological, biochemical, histopathological, and immunohistochemical analyses were carried out in experimental animals. Thirty nonpregnant female mice (n = 5) underwent 7 weeks treatment with 6 mg/kg pro‐carcinogen, PHY (4 mg/kg), and cyclophosphamide (25 mg/kg). Induction of cancer was confirmed by histopathology and immunohistochemistry for Ki‐67. Results suggest that PHY exhibits low toxicity in comparison with other groups in hematological, biochemical, histopathological, and organ size parameters. Additionally, PHY showed modulatory effects on the pro‐carcinogen, and induced genotoxicity and apoptosis in breast cancer cells. Furthermore, it showed a DNA damage repair capacity in mouse lymphocytes. These data indicate that PHY may have the potential as an anticancer candidate in pharmaceutical consumption. © 2018 IUBMB Life, 71(1):200–212, 2019
ISSN:1521-6543
1521-6551
DOI:10.1002/iub.1952