Blood Test Detecting Autoantibodies to N-Methyl-D-aspartate Neuroreceptors for Evaluation of Patients with Transient Ischemic Attack and Stroke

Stroke is a multisystemic disorder that includes mechanisms of thrombosis and neurotoxic coupling. Key metabolites of the molecular cascade following biochemical events appear simultaneously in brain tissue, the blood-brain barrier, and brain vessels, activating the immune system and generating auto...

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Bibliographic Details
Published in:Clinical chemistry (Baltimore, Md.) Md.), 2003-10, Vol.49 (10), p.1752-1762
Main Authors: Dambinova, Svetlana A, Khounteev, Guerman A, Izykenova, Galina A, Zavolokov, Igor G, Ilyukhina, Anna Y, Skoromets, Alexander A
Format: Article
Language:English
Subjects:
Acute Disease
Aged
Antigens
Atherosclerosis
Autoantibodies - blood
Blood pressure
Blood tests
Blood-brain barrier
Brain
Cerebral Hemorrhage - blood
Cerebral Hemorrhage - diagnosis
Cerebral Hemorrhage - immunology
Diagnosis, Differential
Emergency medical care
Enzyme-Linked Immunosorbent Assay
Female
Humans
Hypertension
Immune system
Ischemia
Ischemic Attack, Transient - blood
Ischemic Attack, Transient - diagnosis
Ischemic Attack, Transient - immunology
Magnetic resonance imaging
Male
Middle Aged
Neurology
Neurotoxicity
Receptors, N-Methyl-D-Aspartate - immunology
Sensitivity and Specificity
Stroke
Stroke - blood
Stroke - diagnosis
Stroke - immunology
Time Factors
Tomography
Transient ischemic attack
Ultrasonic imaging
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Summary:Stroke is a multisystemic disorder that includes mechanisms of thrombosis and neurotoxic coupling. Key metabolites of the molecular cascade following biochemical events appear simultaneously in brain tissue, the blood-brain barrier, and brain vessels, activating the immune system and generating autoantibodies (aAbs) to brain-specific antigens. We developed an ELISA blood test to measure aAbs to a subtype of N-methyl-D-aspartate (NMDA) receptors, which are the key markers of neurotoxicity underlying cerebral ischemia. We investigated the diagnostic accuracy of serum aAbs to NR2A/2B, a subtype of NMDA receptors, in assessing transient ischemic attack (TIA) and ischemic stroke (IS) and its ability to distinguish cerebral ischemia from intracerebral hemorrhage (ICH). Autoantibodies to NR2A/2B were measured in 360 serum samples: 105 from TIA/stroke patients and 255 from controls, including patients with controlled hypertension/atherosclerosis and gender- and age-matched healthy individuals. Patients with TIA (n = 56) and acute IS (n = 31) had significantly higher NR2A/2B aAb concentrations than controls (P
ISSN:0009-9147
1530-8561
DOI:10.1373/49.10.1752