Biomedical applications of carbon nanomaterials: Drug and gene delivery potentials

One of the major components in the development of nanomedicines is the choice of the right biomaterial, which notably determines the subsequent biological responses. The popularity of carbon nanomaterials (CNMs) has been on the rise due to their numerous applications in the fields of drug delivery,...

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Bibliographic Details
Published in:Journal of cellular physiology 2019-01, Vol.234 (1), p.298-319
Main Authors: Mohajeri, Mohammad, Behnam, Behzad, Sahebkar, Amirhossein
Format: Article
Language:English
Subjects:
Biocompatibility
Biomaterials
Biomedical materials
biomedicine
Biosensors
Carbon
Carbon nanotubes
Drug delivery
Drug delivery systems
fullerene
Fullerenes
gene delivery
Gene transfer
graphene
Immunogenicity
Medical imaging
Nanomaterials
Nanotechnology
Nanotubes
Nucleic acids
Optical activity
Organic chemistry
Peptides
Proteins
Surface chemistry
Tissue engineering
Toxicity
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Summary:One of the major components in the development of nanomedicines is the choice of the right biomaterial, which notably determines the subsequent biological responses. The popularity of carbon nanomaterials (CNMs) has been on the rise due to their numerous applications in the fields of drug delivery, bioimaging, tissue engineering, and biosensing. Owing to their considerably high surface area, multifunctional surface chemistry, and excellent optical activity, novel functionalized CNMs possess efficient drug‐loading capacity, biocompatibility, and lack of immunogenicity. Over the past few decades, several advances have been made on the functionalization of CNMs to minimize their health concerns and enhance their biosafety. Recent evidence has also implied that CNMs can be functionalized with bioactive peptides, proteins, nucleic acids, and drugs to achieve composites with remarkably low toxicity and high pharmaceutical efficiency. This review focuses on the three main classes of CNMs, including fullerenes, graphenes, and carbon nanotubes, and their recent biomedical applications. This review focuses on the three main classes of carbon nanomaterials, including fullerenes, graphenes, and carbon nanotubes, and their recent biomedical applications.
ISSN:0021-9541
1097-4652
DOI:10.1002/jcp.26899