Molecular surveillance of Cryptosporidium and Giardia duodenalis in sludge and spent filter backwash water of a water treatment plant

The purpose of this study was to monitor the presence of Cryptosporidium spp. and Giardia duodenalis in a water treatment plant (WTP) using settling sludge and backwash water (BW) samples in previous and post the deflocculation of polyaluminium chloride (PAC) flacks. Eleven collections were performe...

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Bibliographic Details
Published in:Journal of water and health 2018-10, Vol.16 (5), p.857-860
Main Authors: Ladeia, Winni Alves, Martins, Felippe Danyel Cardoso, E Silva, Camila Fernanda Rosolen, Freire, Roberta Lemos
Format: Article
Language:English
Subjects:
Aluminium
Aluminum
Backwash
Calcium
Calcium carbonate
Calcium carbonates
Carbonates
Centrifugation
Centrifuging
Collections
Contamination
Cryptosporidiosis
Cryptosporidium
Cysts
Deflocculating
Deflocculation
Degradation
Deoxyribonucleic acid
Detection
DNA
Drinking water
Environmental Monitoring
Epidemics
Flocculation
Giardia
Giardia duodenalis
Giardia lamblia
Giardiasis
Methods
Nucleotide sequence
PCR
Plant introductions
Polyaluminium chloride
Polymerase chain reaction
Protozoa
Raw water
Settling
Sewage - microbiology
Sewage - parasitology
Sludge
Sludge settling
Sodium hydroxide
Surveillance
Water pollution
Water Purification
Water resources
Water treatment
Water treatment plants
Zoonoses
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Summary:The purpose of this study was to monitor the presence of Cryptosporidium spp. and Giardia duodenalis in a water treatment plant (WTP) using settling sludge and backwash water (BW) samples in previous and post the deflocculation of polyaluminium chloride (PAC) flacks. Eleven collections were performed. BW and settling sludge (SSF) were concentrated by calcium carbonate flocculation, and another aliquot of settling sludge (SSC) by centrifugation. The samples were divided as follows: Group A, containing 33 samples without degradation of PAC flakes, and Group B, with degradation by alkalinization with 10 M NaOH. Sample DNA was extracted with a commercial kit, and nested polymerase chain reaction (PCR) was used to detect Cryptosporidium and G. duodenalis. All samples from Group A were negative for Cryptosporidium spp., and 6.1% (2/33) were positive for G. duodenalis in SSC samples. While the absence of Cryptosporidium may be due to a low contamination level of the water resource, the presence of G. duodenalis indicates contamination of the raw water. The detection of G. duodenalis in SSC samples indicates that this detection method was the most effective. The 33 samples from Group B were negative for both protozoa, probably due to the presence of aluminium and humic substances.
ISSN:1477-8920
1996-7829
DOI:10.2166/wh.2018.040