Dispatching Stochastic Heterogeneous Resources Accounting for Grid and Battery Losses

We compute an optimal day-ahead dispatch plan for distribution networks with stochastic resources and batteries, while accounting for grid and battery losses. We formulate and solve a scenario-based AC Optimal Power Flow (OPF), which is by construction non-convex. We explain why the existing relaxat...

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Bibliographic Details
Published in:IEEE transactions on smart grid 2018-11, Vol.9 (6), p.6522-6539
Main Authors: Stai, Eleni, Reyes-Chamorro, Lorenzo, Sossan, Fabrizio, Le Boudec, Jean-Yves, Paolone, Mario
Format: Article
Language:English
Subjects:
Accounting
Batteries
battery models
day-ahead
Dispatch plan
Distribution management
Electric power
Electrical networks
Engineering Sciences
Flow equations
Full load
grid losses
Iterative methods
Mathematical model
optimal power flow
Optimization
Partial discharges
Power flow
Reactive power
Stochastic processes
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Summary:We compute an optimal day-ahead dispatch plan for distribution networks with stochastic resources and batteries, while accounting for grid and battery losses. We formulate and solve a scenario-based AC Optimal Power Flow (OPF), which is by construction non-convex. We explain why the existing relaxation methods do not apply and we propose a novel iterative scheme, corrected DistFlow (CoDistFlow), to solve the scenario-based AC OPF problem in radial networks. It uses a modified branch flow model for radial networks with angle relaxation that accounts for line shunt capacitances. At each step, it solves a convex problem based on a modified DistFlow OPF with correction terms for line losses and node voltages. Then, it updates the correction terms using the results of a full load flow. We prove that under a mild condition, a fixed point of CoDistFlow provides an exact solution to the full AC power flow equations. We propose treating battery losses similarly to grid losses by using a single-port electrical equivalent instead of battery efficiencies. We evaluate the performance of the proposed scheme in a simple and real electrical networks. We conclude that grid and battery losses affect the feasibility of the day-ahead dispatch plan and show how CoDistFlow can handle them correctly.
ISSN:1949-3053
1949-3061
DOI:10.1109/TSG.2017.2715162