Pollution characteristics of bioaerosols in PM2.5 during the winter heating season in a coastal city of northern China

Frequent heavy air pollution occurred during the winter heating season of northern China. In this study, PM 2.5 (particles with an aerodynamic diameter less than 2.5 μm) was collected from a coastal city of China during the winter heating season from January 1 to March 31, 2018, and the soluble ions...

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Bibliographic Details
Published in:Environmental science and pollution research international 2020-08, Vol.27 (22), p.27750-27761
Main Authors: Wei, Min, Li, Mingyan, Xu, Caihong, Xu, Pengju, Liu, Houfeng
Format: Article
Language:English
Subjects:
Advanced wastewater treatment
Air pollution
Aquatic Pollution
Atmospheric Protection/Air Quality Control/Air Pollution
Biopolymers
Byproducts
Ceramics
Cross flow
Dissolved organic matter
Earth and Environmental Science
Ecotoxicology
Effluents
Environment
Environmental Chemistry
Environmental Health
Environmental science
Filterability
Filtration
Liquid chromatography
Membrane filtration
Microfiltration
Organic carbon
Organic compounds
Outdoor air quality
Oxidation
pH effects
Photocatalysis
Photooxidation
Pollutants
Pore size
Porosity
Principal components analysis
Research Article
Titanium dioxide
Waste Water Technology
Wastewater treatment
Water analysis
Water Management
Water Pollution Control
Water purification
Water sampling
Winter
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Summary:Frequent heavy air pollution occurred during the winter heating season of northern China. In this study, PM 2.5 (particles with an aerodynamic diameter less than 2.5 μm) was collected from a coastal city of China during the winter heating season from January 1 to March 31, 2018, and the soluble ions, organic carbon (OC), elemental carbon (EC), bacterial, endotoxin, and fungal concentration in PM 2.5 were analyzed. During the winter heating season, PM 2.5 and bioaerosols increased on polluted days, and the secondary inorganic ions, including NO 3 − , NH 4 + , and SO 4 2− , increased significantly. Meteorological factors, such as wind direction and wind speed, had major impacts on the distributions of PM 2.5 and bioaerosols. Pollutant concentration was high when there was a westerly wind with the speed of 3–6 m/s from inland area. Using the air mass backward trajectories and principal component analysis, we elucidate the potential origins of bioaerosol in PM 2.5 . The backward trajectory suggested that air mass for polluted samples (PM 2.5 > 75 μg/m 3 ) commonly originated from continent (9.62%), whereas air masses for clean samples (PM 2.5 < 35 μg/m 3 ) were mainly from marine (56.73%). The interregional transport of pollutants from continental area contributed most to PM 2.5 . Principal component analysis of the water-soluble ions and bioaerosol indicated that air pollution of the coastal city was greatly affected by coal combustion, biomass burning, and regional transmission of high-intensity pollutants from continent. Among that, interregional transport, biomass burning, and dust from soil and plants were main sources of bioaerosol. Our findings provide important insights into the origins and characteristics of bioaerosol in PM 2.5 during the winter heating season of the coastal city in northern China.
ISSN:0944-1344
1614-7499
DOI:10.1007/s11356-020-09070-y