Duodeno-jejunal bypass restores β-cell hypersecretion and islet hypertrophy in western diet obese rats

Purpose Duodeno-jejunal bypass (DJB) operation improves glucose homeostasis in morbid obesity, independently of weight loss or reductions in adiposity, through mechanisms not yet fully elucidated. Herein, we evaluated the effects of DJB upon glucose homeostasis, endocrine pancreatic morphology, and...

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Bibliographic Details
Published in:Endocrine 2018-06, Vol.60 (3), p.407-414
Main Authors: Mendes, Mariana Carla, Bonfleur, Maria Lúcia, Ribeiro, Rosane Aparecida, Lubaczeuski, Camila, Fêo, Ana Flavia Justino, Vargas, Rodrigo, Carneiro, Everardo Magalhães, Boschero, Antonio Carlos, Araujo, Allan Cezar Faria, Balbo, Sandra Lucinei
Format: Article
Language:English
Subjects:
Acetic acid
Acetylcholine receptors (muscarinic)
Adipose tissue
AKT protein
Animals
Blood glucose
Blood Glucose - metabolism
Body weight
Body Weight - physiology
Body weight loss
Carbachol
Cyclic AMP
Cytology
Diabetes
Diet
Diet, Western
Endocrine Surgery
Endocrinology
Fasting
Forskolin
Gastric Bypass - methods
Glucose
Glucose Tolerance Test
Homeostasis
Humanities and Social Sciences
Hypertrophy
Insulin
Insulin Resistance
Insulin-Secreting Cells - metabolism
Internal Medicine
Islets of Langerhans
Islets of Langerhans - metabolism
Kinases
Male
Medicine
Medicine & Public Health
multidisciplinary
Obesity
Obesity - metabolism
Obesity - surgery
Pancreas
Phorbol 12-myristate 13-acetate
Protein kinase
Proteins
Rats
Rats, Wistar
Rodents
Science
Skeletal muscle
Surgery
Syntaxin
Syntaxin 1
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Summary:Purpose Duodeno-jejunal bypass (DJB) operation improves glucose homeostasis in morbid obesity, independently of weight loss or reductions in adiposity, through mechanisms not yet fully elucidated. Herein, we evaluated the effects of DJB upon glucose homeostasis, endocrine pancreatic morphology, and β-cell responsiveness to potentiating agents of cholinergic and cAMP pathways, in western diet (WD) obese rats, at 2 months after operation. Methods From 8 to 18 weeks of age male Wistar rats fed on a WD. After this period, a sham (WD Sham group) or DJB (WD DJB) operations were performed. At 2 months after operation glucose homeostasis was verified. Results Body weight was similar between WD DJB and WD Sham rats, but WD DJB rats showed a decrease in Lee index, retroperitoneal and perigonadal fat pads. Also, WD DJB rats displayed reduced fasting glycemia and insulinemia, and increased insulin-induced Akt activation in the gastrocnemius. Islets from WD DJB rats secreted less amounts of insulin, in response to activators of the cholinergic (carbachol and phorbol 12-myristate 13-acetate) and cAMP (forskolin and 3-isobutyl-1-methyl-xantine) pathways. Islets of WD DJB rats had higher sintaxin-1 protein content than WD Sham, but without modification in muscarinic-3 receptor, protein kinase (PK)-Cα, and (PK)-Aα protein amounts. In addition, islets of WD DJB animals showed reduction in islets and β-cell masses. Conclusion DJB surgery improves fasting glycemia and insulin action in skeletal muscle. Better endocrine pancreatic morphofunction was associated, at least in part, with the regulation of the cholinergic and cAMP pathways, and improvements in syntaxin-1 islet protein content induced by DJB.
ISSN:1355-008X
1559-0100
DOI:10.1007/s12020-018-1578-4