Phylogeny and ancient DNA of Sus provides insights into neolithic expansion in Island Southeast Asia and Oceania

Human settlement of Oceania marked the culmination of a global colonization process that began when humans first left Africa at least 90,000 years ago. The precise origins and dispersal routes of the Austronesian peoples and the associated Lapita culture remain contentious, and numerous disparate mo...

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Published in:Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences - PNAS 2007-03, Vol.104 (12), p.4834-4839
Main Authors: Larson, Greger, Cucchi, Thomas, Fujita, Masakatsu, Matisoo-Smith, Elizabeth, Robins, Judith, Anderson, Atholl, Rolett, Barry, Spriggs, Matthew, Dolman, Gaynor, Kim, Tae-Hun, Thuy, Nguyen Thi Dieu, Randi, Ettore, Doherty, Moira, Due, Rokus Awe, Bollt, Robert, Djubiantono, Tony, Griffin, Bion, Intoh, Michiko, Keane, Emile, Kirch, Patrick, Li, Kuang-Ti, Morwood, Michael, Pedriña, Lolita M, Piper, Philip J, Rabett, Ryan J, Shooter, Peter, Van den Bergh, Gert, West, Eric, Wickler, Stephen, Yuan, Jing, Cooper, Alan, Dobney, Keith
Format: Article
Language:English
Subjects:
Animal Migration
Animals
Anthropology
Archaeology
Archaeology and Prehistory
Asia, Southeastern
Bayes Theorem
Biological Sciences
Dispersal
DNA, Mitochondrial - genetics
domestication
East Asian culture
feral animals
Genetics
Geographic regions
Geography
Haplotypes
History, Ancient
Hogs
Humanities and Social Sciences
INTERDISCIPLINARY RESEARCH AREAS
introduced species
islands
livestock production
Migration
Mitochondrial DNA
Molecular Sequence Data
mtDNA
nucleotide sequences
Oceania
Pacific colonization
Phylogeny
phylogeography
Polynesian culture
Polynesian studies
Principal Component Analysis
Social Sciences
Specimens
Sus
Sus celebensis
Sus scrofa
Swine
Swine - genetics
Teeth
TVÄRVETENSKAPLIGA FORSKNINGSOMRÅDEN
wild boars
wild relatives
zoogeography
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Summary:Human settlement of Oceania marked the culmination of a global colonization process that began when humans first left Africa at least 90,000 years ago. The precise origins and dispersal routes of the Austronesian peoples and the associated Lapita culture remain contentious, and numerous disparate models of dispersal (based primarily on linguistic, genetic, and archeological data) have been proposed. Here, through the use of mtDNA from 781 modern and ancient Sus specimens, we provide evidence for an early human-mediated translocation of the Sulawesi warty pig (Sus celebensis) to Flores and Timor and two later separate human-mediated dispersals of domestic pig (Sus scrofa) through Island Southeast Asia into Oceania. Of the later dispersal routes, one is unequivocally associated with the Neolithic (Lapita) and later Polynesian migrations and links modern and archeological Javan, Sumatran, Wallacean, and Oceanic pigs with mainland Southeast Asian S. scrofa. Archeological and genetic evidence shows these pigs were certainly introduced to islands east of the Wallace Line, including New Guinea, and that so-called "wild" pigs within this region are most likely feral descendants of domestic pigs introduced by early agriculturalists. The other later pig dispersal links mainland East Asian pigs to western Micronesia, Taiwan, and the Philippines. These results provide important data with which to test current models for human dispersal in the region.
ISSN:0027-8424
1091-6490
1091-6490
DOI:10.1073/pnas.0607753104