Long Latency of Evoked Quantal Transmitter Release from Somata of Locus Coeruleus Neurons in Rat Pontine Slices

The locus coeruleus (LC) harbors a compact group of noradrenergic cell bodies projecting to virtually all parts of the central nervous system. By using combined measurements of amperometry and patch-clamp, quantal vesicle release of noradrenaline (NA) was detected as amperometric spikes, after depol...

Full description

Saved in:
Bibliographic Details
Published in:Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences - PNAS 2007-01, Vol.104 (4), p.1401-1406
Main Authors: Huang, H.-P., Wang, S.-R., Yao, W., Zhang, C., Zhou, Y., Chen, X.-W., Zhang, B., Xiong, W., Wang, L.-Y., Zheng, L.-H., Landry, M., Hökfelt, T., Xu, Z.-Q. D., Zhou, Z.
Format: Article
Language:English
Subjects:
Action Potentials
Animals
Behavioral neuroscience
Biological Sciences
Brain
Calcium - metabolism
Capacitance
Central nervous system
Depolarization
Glutamic Acid - metabolism
Histograms
In Vitro Techniques
Locus Coeruleus - cytology
Locus Coeruleus - metabolism
Locus Coeruleus - physiology
Medicin och hälsovetenskap
Neurons
Neurons - metabolism
Neurotransmitter Agents - metabolism
Neurotransmitters
Patch-Clamp Techniques
Pons - metabolism
Pons - physiology
Rats
Rats, Sprague-Dawley
Rodents
Secretion
Sensors
Synaptic transmission
Citations: Items that this one cites
Items that cite this one
Online Access:Get full text
Tags: Add Tag
No Tags, Be the first to tag this record!
cited_by cdi_FETCH-LOGICAL-c641t-8731088c78d7fae4357b4c91207e2f245ac8df5b887dfde7c46f1b3560fb73043
cites cdi_FETCH-LOGICAL-c641t-8731088c78d7fae4357b4c91207e2f245ac8df5b887dfde7c46f1b3560fb73043
container_end_page 1406
container_issue 4
container_start_page 1401
container_title Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences - PNAS
container_volume 104
creator Huang, H.-P.
Wang, S.-R.
Yao, W.
Zhang, C.
Zhou, Y.
Chen, X.-W.
Zhang, B.
Xiong, W.
Wang, L.-Y.
Zheng, L.-H.
Landry, M.
Hökfelt, T.
Xu, Z.-Q. D.
Zhou, Z.
description The locus coeruleus (LC) harbors a compact group of noradrenergic cell bodies projecting to virtually all parts of the central nervous system. By using combined measurements of amperometry and patch-clamp, quantal vesicle release of noradrenaline (NA) was detected as amperometric spikes, after depolarization of the LC neurons. After a pulse depolarization, the average latency of amperometric spikes was 1,870 ms, whereas the latency of glutamate-mediated excitatory postsynaptic currents was 1.6 ms. A substantial fraction of the depolarization-induced amperometric spikes originated from the somata. In contrast to glutamate-mediated excitatory postsynaptic currents, NA secretion was strongly modulated by the action potential frequency (0.5-50 Hz). Somatodendritic NA release from LC upon enhanced cell activity produced autoinhibition of firing and of NA release. We conclude that, in contrast to classic synaptic transmission, quantal NA release from LC somata is characterized by a number of distinct properties, including long latency and high sensitivity to action potential frequency.
doi_str_mv 10.1073/pnas.0608897104
format article
fullrecord <record><control><sourceid>jstor_proqu</sourceid><recordid>TN_cdi_proquest_journals_201345186</recordid><sourceformat>XML</sourceformat><sourcesystem>PC</sourcesystem><jstor_id>25426295</jstor_id><sourcerecordid>25426295</sourcerecordid><originalsourceid>FETCH-LOGICAL-c641t-8731088c78d7fae4357b4c91207e2f245ac8df5b887dfde7c46f1b3560fb73043</originalsourceid><addsrcrecordid>eNp9ks1vEzEQxS0EoiFw5gSyOMApre31ru1LJRSVDynioy1ny_GOy6a7drC9hf73OCRqUoQ4WB55fu9pxnoIPafkmBJRnay9ScekIVIqQQl_gCaUKDpruCIP0YQQJmaSM36EnqS0IoSoWpLH6IgKxoTkcoLCIvgrvDAZvL3FweGzm3ANLf46Gp9Njy-j8WnocoaIz6EHkwC7GAZ8EQaTzUaxCHZMeB4gjj2U6hOMMfiEO4_PTcZfgs-dB3zRdxbSU_TImT7Bs909Rd_enV3OP8wWn99_nL9dzGzDaZ5JUdGylBWyFc4Ar2qx5FZRRgQwx3htrGxdvZRStK4FYXnj6LKqG-KWoiK8miKx9U0_YT0u9Tp2g4m3Opiu1KHVu_frbnN0Ak0VU4zLojzdKkt7gNaCz9H09w3udXz3XV-FG02FrEgZfIre7Axi-DFCynrokoW-Nx7CmLTgZUyhZFPI1_8lG6mqRglSwFd_gaswRl8-UDNCK17TP24nW8jGkFIEdzczJXqTFr1Ji96npSheHq6653fxOFhlo9zbcc015YRqN_Z9hl_5wOrfZAFebIFVyiHeEazmrGGqrn4DLQTebA</addsrcrecordid><sourcetype>Open Access Repository</sourcetype><iscdi>true</iscdi><recordtype>article</recordtype><pqid>201345186</pqid></control><display><type>article</type><title>Long Latency of Evoked Quantal Transmitter Release from Somata of Locus Coeruleus Neurons in Rat Pontine Slices</title><source>JSTOR Archival Journals and Primary Sources Collection</source><source>PubMed Central</source><creator>Huang, H.-P. ; Wang, S.-R. ; Yao, W. ; Zhang, C. ; Zhou, Y. ; Chen, X.-W. ; Zhang, B. ; Xiong, W. ; Wang, L.-Y. ; Zheng, L.-H. ; Landry, M. ; Hökfelt, T. ; Xu, Z.-Q. D. ; Zhou, Z.</creator><creatorcontrib>Huang, H.-P. ; Wang, S.-R. ; Yao, W. ; Zhang, C. ; Zhou, Y. ; Chen, X.-W. ; Zhang, B. ; Xiong, W. ; Wang, L.-Y. ; Zheng, L.-H. ; Landry, M. ; Hökfelt, T. ; Xu, Z.-Q. D. ; Zhou, Z.</creatorcontrib><description>The locus coeruleus (LC) harbors a compact group of noradrenergic cell bodies projecting to virtually all parts of the central nervous system. By using combined measurements of amperometry and patch-clamp, quantal vesicle release of noradrenaline (NA) was detected as amperometric spikes, after depolarization of the LC neurons. After a pulse depolarization, the average latency of amperometric spikes was 1,870 ms, whereas the latency of glutamate-mediated excitatory postsynaptic currents was 1.6 ms. A substantial fraction of the depolarization-induced amperometric spikes originated from the somata. In contrast to glutamate-mediated excitatory postsynaptic currents, NA secretion was strongly modulated by the action potential frequency (0.5-50 Hz). Somatodendritic NA release from LC upon enhanced cell activity produced autoinhibition of firing and of NA release. We conclude that, in contrast to classic synaptic transmission, quantal NA release from LC somata is characterized by a number of distinct properties, including long latency and high sensitivity to action potential frequency.</description><identifier>ISSN: 0027-8424</identifier><identifier>EISSN: 1091-6490</identifier><identifier>DOI: 10.1073/pnas.0608897104</identifier><identifier>PMID: 17227848</identifier><language>eng</language><publisher>United States: National Academy of Sciences</publisher><subject>Action Potentials ; Animals ; Behavioral neuroscience ; Biological Sciences ; Brain ; Calcium - metabolism ; Capacitance ; Central nervous system ; Depolarization ; Glutamic Acid - metabolism ; Histograms ; In Vitro Techniques ; Locus Coeruleus - cytology ; Locus Coeruleus - metabolism ; Locus Coeruleus - physiology ; Medicin och hälsovetenskap ; Neurons ; Neurons - metabolism ; Neurotransmitter Agents - metabolism ; Neurotransmitters ; Patch-Clamp Techniques ; Pons - metabolism ; Pons - physiology ; Rats ; Rats, Sprague-Dawley ; Rodents ; Secretion ; Sensors ; Synaptic transmission</subject><ispartof>Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences - PNAS, 2007-01, Vol.104 (4), p.1401-1406</ispartof><rights>Copyright 2007 The National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America</rights><rights>Copyright National Academy of Sciences Jan 23, 2007</rights><rights>2007 by The National Academy of Sciences of the USA 2007</rights><lds50>peer_reviewed</lds50><oa>free_for_read</oa><woscitedreferencessubscribed>false</woscitedreferencessubscribed><citedby>FETCH-LOGICAL-c641t-8731088c78d7fae4357b4c91207e2f245ac8df5b887dfde7c46f1b3560fb73043</citedby><cites>FETCH-LOGICAL-c641t-8731088c78d7fae4357b4c91207e2f245ac8df5b887dfde7c46f1b3560fb73043</cites></display><links><openurl>$$Topenurl_article</openurl><openurlfulltext>$$Topenurlfull_article</openurlfulltext><thumbnail>$$Uhttp://www.pnas.org/content/104/4.cover.gif</thumbnail><linktopdf>$$Uhttps://www.jstor.org/stable/pdf/25426295$$EPDF$$P50$$Gjstor$$H</linktopdf><linktohtml>$$Uhttps://www.jstor.org/stable/25426295$$EHTML$$P50$$Gjstor$$H</linktohtml><link.rule.ids>230,315,733,786,790,891,27957,27958,53827,53829,58593,58826</link.rule.ids><backlink>$$Uhttps://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/17227848$$D View this record in MEDLINE/PubMed$$Hfree_for_read</backlink><backlink>$$Uhttp://kipublications.ki.se/Default.aspx?queryparsed=id:1929248$$DView record from Swedish Publication Index$$Hfree_for_read</backlink></links><search><creatorcontrib>Huang, H.-P.</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Wang, S.-R.</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Yao, W.</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Zhang, C.</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Zhou, Y.</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Chen, X.-W.</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Zhang, B.</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Xiong, W.</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Wang, L.-Y.</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Zheng, L.-H.</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Landry, M.</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Hökfelt, T.</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Xu, Z.-Q. D.</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Zhou, Z.</creatorcontrib><title>Long Latency of Evoked Quantal Transmitter Release from Somata of Locus Coeruleus Neurons in Rat Pontine Slices</title><title>Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences - PNAS</title><addtitle>Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A</addtitle><description>The locus coeruleus (LC) harbors a compact group of noradrenergic cell bodies projecting to virtually all parts of the central nervous system. By using combined measurements of amperometry and patch-clamp, quantal vesicle release of noradrenaline (NA) was detected as amperometric spikes, after depolarization of the LC neurons. After a pulse depolarization, the average latency of amperometric spikes was 1,870 ms, whereas the latency of glutamate-mediated excitatory postsynaptic currents was 1.6 ms. A substantial fraction of the depolarization-induced amperometric spikes originated from the somata. In contrast to glutamate-mediated excitatory postsynaptic currents, NA secretion was strongly modulated by the action potential frequency (0.5-50 Hz). Somatodendritic NA release from LC upon enhanced cell activity produced autoinhibition of firing and of NA release. We conclude that, in contrast to classic synaptic transmission, quantal NA release from LC somata is characterized by a number of distinct properties, including long latency and high sensitivity to action potential frequency.</description><subject>Action Potentials</subject><subject>Animals</subject><subject>Behavioral neuroscience</subject><subject>Biological Sciences</subject><subject>Brain</subject><subject>Calcium - metabolism</subject><subject>Capacitance</subject><subject>Central nervous system</subject><subject>Depolarization</subject><subject>Glutamic Acid - metabolism</subject><subject>Histograms</subject><subject>In Vitro Techniques</subject><subject>Locus Coeruleus - cytology</subject><subject>Locus Coeruleus - metabolism</subject><subject>Locus Coeruleus - physiology</subject><subject>Medicin och hälsovetenskap</subject><subject>Neurons</subject><subject>Neurons - metabolism</subject><subject>Neurotransmitter Agents - metabolism</subject><subject>Neurotransmitters</subject><subject>Patch-Clamp Techniques</subject><subject>Pons - metabolism</subject><subject>Pons - physiology</subject><subject>Rats</subject><subject>Rats, Sprague-Dawley</subject><subject>Rodents</subject><subject>Secretion</subject><subject>Sensors</subject><subject>Synaptic transmission</subject><issn>0027-8424</issn><issn>1091-6490</issn><fulltext>true</fulltext><rsrctype>article</rsrctype><creationdate>2007</creationdate><recordtype>article</recordtype><recordid>eNp9ks1vEzEQxS0EoiFw5gSyOMApre31ru1LJRSVDynioy1ny_GOy6a7drC9hf73OCRqUoQ4WB55fu9pxnoIPafkmBJRnay9ScekIVIqQQl_gCaUKDpruCIP0YQQJmaSM36EnqS0IoSoWpLH6IgKxoTkcoLCIvgrvDAZvL3FweGzm3ANLf46Gp9Njy-j8WnocoaIz6EHkwC7GAZ8EQaTzUaxCHZMeB4gjj2U6hOMMfiEO4_PTcZfgs-dB3zRdxbSU_TImT7Bs909Rd_enV3OP8wWn99_nL9dzGzDaZ5JUdGylBWyFc4Ar2qx5FZRRgQwx3htrGxdvZRStK4FYXnj6LKqG-KWoiK8miKx9U0_YT0u9Tp2g4m3Opiu1KHVu_frbnN0Ak0VU4zLojzdKkt7gNaCz9H09w3udXz3XV-FG02FrEgZfIre7Axi-DFCynrokoW-Nx7CmLTgZUyhZFPI1_8lG6mqRglSwFd_gaswRl8-UDNCK17TP24nW8jGkFIEdzczJXqTFr1Ji96npSheHq6653fxOFhlo9zbcc015YRqN_Z9hl_5wOrfZAFebIFVyiHeEazmrGGqrn4DLQTebA</recordid><startdate>20070123</startdate><enddate>20070123</enddate><creator>Huang, H.-P.</creator><creator>Wang, S.-R.</creator><creator>Yao, W.</creator><creator>Zhang, C.</creator><creator>Zhou, Y.</creator><creator>Chen, X.-W.</creator><creator>Zhang, B.</creator><creator>Xiong, W.</creator><creator>Wang, L.-Y.</creator><creator>Zheng, L.-H.</creator><creator>Landry, M.</creator><creator>Hökfelt, T.</creator><creator>Xu, Z.-Q. D.</creator><creator>Zhou, Z.</creator><general>National Academy of Sciences</general><general>National Acad Sciences</general><scope>CGR</scope><scope>CUY</scope><scope>CVF</scope><scope>ECM</scope><scope>EIF</scope><scope>NPM</scope><scope>AAYXX</scope><scope>CITATION</scope><scope>7QG</scope><scope>7QL</scope><scope>7QP</scope><scope>7QR</scope><scope>7SN</scope><scope>7SS</scope><scope>7T5</scope><scope>7TK</scope><scope>7TM</scope><scope>7TO</scope><scope>7U9</scope><scope>8FD</scope><scope>C1K</scope><scope>FR3</scope><scope>H94</scope><scope>M7N</scope><scope>P64</scope><scope>RC3</scope><scope>7X8</scope><scope>5PM</scope><scope>ADTPV</scope><scope>AOWAS</scope><scope>D8T</scope><scope>ZZAVC</scope></search><sort><creationdate>20070123</creationdate><title>Long Latency of Evoked Quantal Transmitter Release from Somata of Locus Coeruleus Neurons in Rat Pontine Slices</title><author>Huang, H.-P. ; Wang, S.-R. ; Yao, W. ; Zhang, C. ; Zhou, Y. ; Chen, X.-W. ; Zhang, B. ; Xiong, W. ; Wang, L.-Y. ; Zheng, L.-H. ; Landry, M. ; Hökfelt, T. ; Xu, Z.-Q. D. ; Zhou, Z.</author></sort><facets><frbrtype>5</frbrtype><frbrgroupid>cdi_FETCH-LOGICAL-c641t-8731088c78d7fae4357b4c91207e2f245ac8df5b887dfde7c46f1b3560fb73043</frbrgroupid><rsrctype>articles</rsrctype><prefilter>articles</prefilter><language>eng</language><creationdate>2007</creationdate><topic>Action Potentials</topic><topic>Animals</topic><topic>Behavioral neuroscience</topic><topic>Biological Sciences</topic><topic>Brain</topic><topic>Calcium - metabolism</topic><topic>Capacitance</topic><topic>Central nervous system</topic><topic>Depolarization</topic><topic>Glutamic Acid - metabolism</topic><topic>Histograms</topic><topic>In Vitro Techniques</topic><topic>Locus Coeruleus - cytology</topic><topic>Locus Coeruleus - metabolism</topic><topic>Locus Coeruleus - physiology</topic><topic>Medicin och hälsovetenskap</topic><topic>Neurons</topic><topic>Neurons - metabolism</topic><topic>Neurotransmitter Agents - metabolism</topic><topic>Neurotransmitters</topic><topic>Patch-Clamp Techniques</topic><topic>Pons - metabolism</topic><topic>Pons - physiology</topic><topic>Rats</topic><topic>Rats, Sprague-Dawley</topic><topic>Rodents</topic><topic>Secretion</topic><topic>Sensors</topic><topic>Synaptic transmission</topic><toplevel>peer_reviewed</toplevel><toplevel>online_resources</toplevel><creatorcontrib>Huang, H.-P.</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Wang, S.-R.</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Yao, W.</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Zhang, C.</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Zhou, Y.</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Chen, X.-W.</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Zhang, B.</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Xiong, W.</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Wang, L.-Y.</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Zheng, L.-H.</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Landry, M.</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Hökfelt, T.</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Xu, Z.-Q. D.</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Zhou, Z.</creatorcontrib><collection>Medline</collection><collection>MEDLINE</collection><collection>MEDLINE (Ovid)</collection><collection>MEDLINE</collection><collection>MEDLINE</collection><collection>PubMed</collection><collection>CrossRef</collection><collection>Animal Behavior Abstracts</collection><collection>Bacteriology Abstracts (Microbiology B)</collection><collection>Calcium &amp; Calcified Tissue Abstracts</collection><collection>Chemoreception Abstracts</collection><collection>Ecology Abstracts</collection><collection>Entomology Abstracts (Full archive)</collection><collection>Immunology Abstracts</collection><collection>Neurosciences Abstracts</collection><collection>Nucleic Acids Abstracts</collection><collection>Oncogenes and Growth Factors Abstracts</collection><collection>Virology and AIDS Abstracts</collection><collection>Technology Research Database</collection><collection>Environmental Sciences and Pollution Management</collection><collection>Engineering Research Database</collection><collection>AIDS and Cancer Research Abstracts</collection><collection>Algology Mycology and Protozoology Abstracts (Microbiology C)</collection><collection>Biotechnology and BioEngineering Abstracts</collection><collection>Genetics Abstracts</collection><collection>MEDLINE - Academic</collection><collection>PubMed Central (Full Participant titles)</collection><collection>SwePub</collection><collection>SwePub Articles</collection><collection>SWEPUB Freely available online</collection><collection>SwePub Articles full text</collection><jtitle>Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences - PNAS</jtitle></facets><delivery><delcategory>Remote Search Resource</delcategory><fulltext>fulltext</fulltext></delivery><addata><au>Huang, H.-P.</au><au>Wang, S.-R.</au><au>Yao, W.</au><au>Zhang, C.</au><au>Zhou, Y.</au><au>Chen, X.-W.</au><au>Zhang, B.</au><au>Xiong, W.</au><au>Wang, L.-Y.</au><au>Zheng, L.-H.</au><au>Landry, M.</au><au>Hökfelt, T.</au><au>Xu, Z.-Q. D.</au><au>Zhou, Z.</au><format>journal</format><genre>article</genre><ristype>JOUR</ristype><atitle>Long Latency of Evoked Quantal Transmitter Release from Somata of Locus Coeruleus Neurons in Rat Pontine Slices</atitle><jtitle>Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences - PNAS</jtitle><addtitle>Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A</addtitle><date>2007-01-23</date><risdate>2007</risdate><volume>104</volume><issue>4</issue><spage>1401</spage><epage>1406</epage><pages>1401-1406</pages><issn>0027-8424</issn><eissn>1091-6490</eissn><notes>ObjectType-Article-1</notes><notes>SourceType-Scholarly Journals-1</notes><notes>ObjectType-Feature-2</notes><notes>content type line 23</notes><notes>Contributed by T. Hökfelt, December 4, 2006</notes><notes>Author contributions: H.-P.H., S.-R.W., and W.Y. contributed equally to this work; L.-Y.W., T.H., Z.-Q.D.X., and Z.Z. designed research; H.-P.H., S.-R.W., W.Y., C.Z., Y.Z., X.-W.C., B.Z., W.X., L.-H.Z., and M.L. performed research; Z.Z. contributed new reagents/analytic tools; H.-P.H., S.-R.W., W.Y., L.-Y.W., M.L., T.H., Z.-Q.D.X., and Z.Z. analyzed data; and T.H., Z.-Q.D.X., and Z.Z. wrote the paper.</notes><abstract>The locus coeruleus (LC) harbors a compact group of noradrenergic cell bodies projecting to virtually all parts of the central nervous system. By using combined measurements of amperometry and patch-clamp, quantal vesicle release of noradrenaline (NA) was detected as amperometric spikes, after depolarization of the LC neurons. After a pulse depolarization, the average latency of amperometric spikes was 1,870 ms, whereas the latency of glutamate-mediated excitatory postsynaptic currents was 1.6 ms. A substantial fraction of the depolarization-induced amperometric spikes originated from the somata. In contrast to glutamate-mediated excitatory postsynaptic currents, NA secretion was strongly modulated by the action potential frequency (0.5-50 Hz). Somatodendritic NA release from LC upon enhanced cell activity produced autoinhibition of firing and of NA release. We conclude that, in contrast to classic synaptic transmission, quantal NA release from LC somata is characterized by a number of distinct properties, including long latency and high sensitivity to action potential frequency.</abstract><cop>United States</cop><pub>National Academy of Sciences</pub><pmid>17227848</pmid><doi>10.1073/pnas.0608897104</doi><tpages>6</tpages><oa>free_for_read</oa></addata></record>
fulltext fulltext
identifier ISSN: 0027-8424
ispartof Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences - PNAS, 2007-01, Vol.104 (4), p.1401-1406
issn 0027-8424
1091-6490
language eng
recordid cdi_proquest_journals_201345186
source JSTOR Archival Journals and Primary Sources Collection; PubMed Central
subjects Action Potentials
Animals
Behavioral neuroscience
Biological Sciences
Brain
Calcium - metabolism
Capacitance
Central nervous system
Depolarization
Glutamic Acid - metabolism
Histograms
In Vitro Techniques
Locus Coeruleus - cytology
Locus Coeruleus - metabolism
Locus Coeruleus - physiology
Medicin och hälsovetenskap
Neurons
Neurons - metabolism
Neurotransmitter Agents - metabolism
Neurotransmitters
Patch-Clamp Techniques
Pons - metabolism
Pons - physiology
Rats
Rats, Sprague-Dawley
Rodents
Secretion
Sensors
Synaptic transmission
title Long Latency of Evoked Quantal Transmitter Release from Somata of Locus Coeruleus Neurons in Rat Pontine Slices
url http://sfxeu10.hosted.exlibrisgroup.com/loughborough?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&ctx_tim=2024-09-21T10%3A43%3A34IST&url_ver=Z39.88-2004&url_ctx_fmt=infofi/fmt:kev:mtx:ctx&rfr_id=info:sid/primo.exlibrisgroup.com:primo3-Article-jstor_proqu&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.atitle=Long%20Latency%20of%20Evoked%20Quantal%20Transmitter%20Release%20from%20Somata%20of%20Locus%20Coeruleus%20Neurons%20in%20Rat%20Pontine%20Slices&rft.jtitle=Proceedings%20of%20the%20National%20Academy%20of%20Sciences%20-%20PNAS&rft.au=Huang,%20H.-P.&rft.date=2007-01-23&rft.volume=104&rft.issue=4&rft.spage=1401&rft.epage=1406&rft.pages=1401-1406&rft.issn=0027-8424&rft.eissn=1091-6490&rft_id=info:doi/10.1073/pnas.0608897104&rft_dat=%3Cjstor_proqu%3E25426295%3C/jstor_proqu%3E%3Cgrp_id%3Ecdi_FETCH-LOGICAL-c641t-8731088c78d7fae4357b4c91207e2f245ac8df5b887dfde7c46f1b3560fb73043%3C/grp_id%3E%3Coa%3E%3C/oa%3E%3Curl%3E%3C/url%3E&rft_id=info:oai/&rft_pqid=201345186&rft_id=info:pmid/17227848&rft_jstor_id=25426295&rfr_iscdi=true