Capsinoids activate brown adipose tissue (BAT) with increased energy expenditure associated with subthreshold 18-fluorine fluorodeoxyglucose uptake in BAT-positive humans confirmed by positron emission tomography scan

ABSTRACT Background Capsinoids are reported to increase energy expenditure (EE) via brown adipose tissue (BAT) stimulation. However, imaging of BAT activation by capsinoids remains limited. Because BAT activation is a potential therapeutic strategy for obesity and related metabolic disorders, we sou...

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Bibliographic Details
Published in:The American journal of clinical nutrition 2018-01, Vol.107 (1), p.62-70
Main Authors: Sun, Lijuan, Camps, Stefan G, Goh, Hui Jen, Govindharajulu, Priya, Schaefferkoetter, Joshua D, Townsend, David W, Verma, Sanjay K, Velan, S Sendhil, Sun, Lei, Sze, Siu Kwan, Lim, Su Chi, Boehm, Bernhard Otto, Henry, Christiani Jeyakumar, Leow, Melvin Khee-Shing
Format: Article
Language:English
Subjects:
Activation
Adipose tissue
Adipose tissue (brown)
Adipose Tissue, Brown - drug effects
Adipose Tissue, Brown - metabolism
Adiposity
Adult
Body mass
Body Mass Index
Body size
Calorimetry
Calorimetry, Indirect
Capsicum - chemistry
Cholesterol
Clavicle
Cold Temperature
Cross-Over Studies
Design standards
Energy
Energy expenditure
Energy Metabolism
Exposure
Female
Fluorine
Fluorine isotopes
Fluorodeoxyglucose F18 - administration & dosage
Fluorodeoxyglucose F18 - pharmacokinetics
High density lipoprotein
Humans
Image processing
Ingestion
Insulin
Male
Metabolic disorders
Metabolites
Neck
NMR
Non-Randomized Controlled Trials as Topic
Nuclear magnetic resonance
Obesity
Oxidation
Plant Extracts - administration & dosage
Positron emission
Positron emission tomography
Tissues
Tomography
Young Adult
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Summary:ABSTRACT Background Capsinoids are reported to increase energy expenditure (EE) via brown adipose tissue (BAT) stimulation. However, imaging of BAT activation by capsinoids remains limited. Because BAT activation is a potential therapeutic strategy for obesity and related metabolic disorders, we sought to prove that capsinoid-induced BAT activation can be visualized by 18-fluorine fluorodeoxyglucose (18F-FDG) positron emission tomography (PET). Objective We compared capsinoids and cold exposure on BAT activation and whole-body EE. Design Twenty healthy participants (8 men, 12 women) with a mean age of 26 y (range: 21–35 y) and a body mass index (kg/m2) of 21.7 (range: 18.5–26.0) underwent 18F-FDG PET and whole-body calorimetry after ingestion of 12 mg capsinoids or ≤2 h of cold exposure (∼14.5°C) in a crossover design. Mean standardized uptake values (SUVs) of the region of interest and BAT volumes were calculated. Blood metabolites were measured before and 2 h after each treatment. Results All of the participants showed negligible 18F-FDG uptake post-capsinoid ingestion. Upon cold exposure, 12 participants showed avid 18F-FDG uptake into supraclavicular and lateral neck adipose tissues (BAT-positive group), whereas the remaining 8 participants (BAT-negative group) showed undetectable uptake. Capsinoids and cold exposure increased EE, although cold induced a 2-fold increase in whole-body EE and higher fat oxidation, insulin sensitivity, and HDL cholesterol compared with capsinoids. Conclusions Capsinoids only increased EE in BAT-positive participants, which suggests that BAT mediates EE evoked by capsinoids. This implies that capsinoids stimulate BAT to a lesser degree than cold exposure as evidenced by 18F-FDG uptake below the presently accepted SUV thresholds defining BAT activation. This trial was registered at www.clinicaltrials.gov as NCT02964442.
ISSN:0002-9165
1938-3207
DOI:10.1093/ajcn/nqx025