Mapping brain functional alterations in betel-quid chewers using resting-state fMRI and network analysis

Rationale The World Health Organization regards betel quid (BQ) as a human carcinogen, and DSM-IV and ICD-10 dependence symptoms may develop with its heavy use. BQ’s possible effects of an enhanced reward system and disrupted inhibitory control may increase the likelihood of habitual substance use....

Full description

Saved in:
Bibliographic Details
Published in:Psychopharmacology 2018-04, Vol.235 (4), p.1257-1271
Main Authors: Weng, Jun-Cheng, Chou, Yu-Syuan, Huang, Guo-Joe, Tyan, Yeu-Sheng, Ho, Ming-Chou
Format: Article
Language:English
Subjects:
Adult
Alcohols
Alternations
Areca
Basal forebrain
Betel (Piper betle)
Biomedical and Life Sciences
Biomedicine
Brain - drug effects
Brain - physiopathology
Brain mapping
Brain Mapping - methods
Brain research
Carcinogens
Case-Control Studies
Drug abuse
Drug addiction
Female
Forebrain
Functional magnetic resonance imaging
Homogeneity
Humans
Inhibition, Psychological
Magnetic Resonance Imaging - methods
Male
Mastication
Middle Aged
Neural networks
Neurosciences
Nicotiana - adverse effects
Original Investigation
Pharmacological research
Pharmacology/Toxicology
Psychiatry
Psychological aspects
Psychopharmacology
Regional analysis
Reinforcement
Reward
Rewards (Psychology)
Substance abuse
Substance use
Substance-Related Disorders - physiopathology
Theoretical analysis
Tobacco
Variation
Young Adult
Citations: Items that this one cites
Items that cite this one
Online Access:Get full text
Tags: Add Tag
No Tags, Be the first to tag this record!
Description
Summary:Rationale The World Health Organization regards betel quid (BQ) as a human carcinogen, and DSM-IV and ICD-10 dependence symptoms may develop with its heavy use. BQ’s possible effects of an enhanced reward system and disrupted inhibitory control may increase the likelihood of habitual substance use. Objectives The current study aimed to employ resting-state fMRI to examine the hypothesized enhanced reward system (e.g., the basal forebrain system) and disrupted inhibitory control (e.g., the prefrontal system) in BQ chewers. Methods The current study recruited three groups of 48 male participants: 16 BQ chewers, 15 tobacco- and alcohol-user controls, and 17 healthy controls. We used functional connectivity (FC), mean fractional amplitude of low-frequency fluctuations (mfALFF), and mean regional homogeneity (mReHo) to evaluate functional alternations in BQ chewers. Graph theoretical analysis (GTA) and network-based statistical (NBS) analysis were also performed to identify the functional network differences among the three groups. Results Our hypothesis was partially supported: the enhanced reward system for the BQ chewers (e.g., habitual drug-seeking behavior) was supported; however, their inhibitory control was relatively preserved. In addition, we reported that the BQ chewers may have enhanced visuospatial processing and decreased local segregation. Conclusions The current results (showing an enhanced reward system in the chewers) provided the clinicians with important insight for the future development of an effective abstinence treatment.
ISSN:0033-3158
1432-2072
DOI:10.1007/s00213-018-4841-8