Study of Volcanic Activity at Different Time Scales Using Hypertemporal Land Surface Temperature Data

We apply a method for detecting subtle spatiotemporal signal fluctuations to monitor volcanic activity. Whereas midwave infrared data are commonly used for volcanic hot spot detection, our approach utilizes hypertemporal longwave infrared‐based land surface temperature (LST) data. Using LST data of...

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Bibliographic Details
Published in:Journal of geophysical research. Solid earth 2017-10, Vol.122 (10), p.7613-7625
Main Authors: Pavlidou, Efthymia, Hecker, Christoph, Werff, Harald, Meijde, Mark
Format: Article
Language:English
Subjects:
Brightness temperature
Detection
Dynamics
Geophysics
Geostationary satellites
Ground-based observation
Hot spots (geology)
hotspot detection
Infrared analysis
Lakes
Land surface temperature
Land Surface Temperatures
Lava
Lava flows
Meteorological satellites
Remote sensing
Satellite observation
Satellites
Sensors
Spaceborne remote sensing
Surface temperature
Synchronous satellites
Temperature
Temperature data
Temperature effects
Temperature requirements
Time series
Volcanic activity
Volcanoes
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Summary:We apply a method for detecting subtle spatiotemporal signal fluctuations to monitor volcanic activity. Whereas midwave infrared data are commonly used for volcanic hot spot detection, our approach utilizes hypertemporal longwave infrared‐based land surface temperature (LST) data. Using LST data of the second‐generation European Meteorological Satellites, we study (a) a paroxysmal, 1 day long eruption of Mount Etna (Italy); (b) a prolonged, 6 month period of effusive and lateral lava flows of the Nyamuragira volcano (Democratic Republic of Congo); and (c) intermittent activity in the permanent lava lake of Nyiragongo (Democratic Republic of Congo) over a period of 2 years (2011–2012). We compare our analysis with published ground‐based observations and satellite‐based alert systems; results agree on the periods of increased volcanic activity and quiescence. We further apply our analysis on mid‐infrared and long‐infrared brightness temperatures and compare the results. We conclude that our study enables the use of LST data for monitoring volcanic dynamics at different time scales, can complement existing methodologies, and allows for use of long time series from older sensors that do not provide midwave infrared data. Key Points Volcanic activity is monitored at different temporal scales using hypertemporal land surface temperature data from geostationary satellites The approach does not require mid‐infrared input. Focusing on longwave IR allows for using long time series from older sensors as well LST records allow to study volcanic dynamics over unknown, sparsely monitored targets and areas of constant activity
ISSN:2169-9313
2169-9356
DOI:10.1002/2017JB014317