Experimental measurement of residual stress and distortion in additively manufactured stainless steel components with various dimensions

Disk-shaped 316L stainless steel parts with various diameters and heights were additively manufactured using a direct metal laser sintering (DMLS) technique. Neutron diffraction was used to profile the residual stresses in the samples before and after removal of the build plate and support structure...

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Bibliographic Details
Published in:Materials science & engineering. A, Structural materials : properties, microstructure and processing Structural materials : properties, microstructure and processing, 2017-11, Vol.707, p.689-700
Main Authors: Ghasri-Khouzani, M., Peng, H., Rogge, R., Attardo, R., Ostiguy, P., Neidig, J., Billo, R., Hoelzle, D., Shankar, M.R.
Format: Article
Language:English
Subjects:
Additive manufacturing
Axial stress
Coordinate measuring machines
Diffraction
Disks
Distortion
Laser sintering
Neutron diffraction
Plates (structural members)
Residual stress
Self-similarity
Stainless steel
Stainless steels
Stress concentration
Stress relaxation
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Summary:Disk-shaped 316L stainless steel parts with various diameters and heights were additively manufactured using a direct metal laser sintering (DMLS) technique. Neutron diffraction was used to profile the residual stresses in the samples before and after removal of the build plate and support structures. Moreover, distortion level of the parts before and after the removal was quantified using a coordinate measuring machine (CMM). Large tensile in-plane stresses (up to ≈ 400MPa) were measured near the as-built disk top surfaces, where the stress magnitude decreased from the disk center to the edges. The stress gradient was steeper for the disks with smaller diameters and heights. Following the removal of the build plate and support structures, the magnitude of the in-plane residual stresses decreased dramatically (up to 330MPa) whereas the axial stress magnitude did not change significantly. The stress relaxation caused the disks to distort, where the distortion metric was higher for the disks with smaller diameters and heights. The distribution of the residual stresses revealed a marked breakdown of self-similarity in their distribution even comparing disk-shaped samples that were fabricated under identical printing parameters; the stress field profiles were not linearly scaled as a function of height and diameter.
ISSN:0921-5093
1873-4936
DOI:10.1016/j.msea.2017.09.108