Host plant and competitor identity matter in genotype × genotype × environment interactions between vetch and pea aphids

1. Selection does not only operate in a genotype ( G ) × environment ( E ) context, but can also be modulated by the activities of organisms interacting with their environment ( G  ×  G  ×  E ). 2. The influences of aphid clonal identity and host plant ( V icia faba ) intraspecific genetic variation...

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Bibliographic Details
Published in:Ecological entomology 2017-10, Vol.42 (5), p.565-576
Main Authors: KHUDR, MOUHAMMAD SHADI, GUILBAUD, CAMILLE S. E., PREZIOSI, RICHARD F.
Format: Article
Language:English
Subjects:
Abundance
Acyrthosiphon pisum
Agglomeration
Biological evolution
Cloning
Competition
Control theory
Cultivars
Environments
Feedback
Feedback loops
Feeding
Genetic diversity
Genotype & phenotype
Genotype-environment interactions
Genotypes
Host plants
Insects
Pest control
Plant protection
Plants (botany)
Reciprocity
Risk sharing
Species
Studies
Vicia faba
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Summary:1. Selection does not only operate in a genotype ( G ) × environment ( E ) context, but can also be modulated by the activities of organisms interacting with their environment ( G  ×  G  ×  E ). 2. The influences of aphid clonal identity and host plant ( V icia faba ) intraspecific genetic variation on the performance of five genotypes of pea aphid ( A cyrthosiphon pisum ) were investigated – with and without interaction with a competing heterospecific clone of vetch aphid ( M egoura viciae ) – across three cultivars of V . faba . 3. Pea aphid performance in the presence of a competing vetch aphid clone ( G  ×  G  ×  E ) compared with the absence of competition ( G  ×  E ) revealed strong context‐dependent, genotype‐specific shifts in performance, influenced by plant cultivar, competitor presence and their interaction. 4. The performance of vetch aphid in competition with each pea aphid clone was also compared. Here, competitor's genotype and abundance underlay a remarkably varied response by vetch aphid across interactions. 5. The study shows that aphid genotypes exhibit a varying degree of risk spreading, contingent on competitor identity and the patterns of aggregation across three plant cultivars. Owing to feedback loops between species activities and selective forces acting on them, our findings suggest that there are context‐dependent responses by competitors that are shaped via the interplay of the co‐occurring species and their biotic environment. 6. This work highlights the complexity of species interactions and the importance of investigating reciprocity between competition and intraspecific genetic variation. A better understanding of the eco‐evolutionary interactions between phloem‐feeding insects and their host plants can potentially be used to enhance crop protection and pest control.
ISSN:0307-6946
1365-2311
DOI:10.1111/een.12418