Phytochemicals enhance antioxidant enzyme expression to protect against NSAID‐induced oxidative damage of the gastrointestinal mucosa

The gastrointestinal (GI) mucosa provides the first protective barrier for digested food and xenobiotics, which are easily attacked by toxic substances. Nonsteroidal anti‐inflammatory drugs, including aspirin, diclofenac, indomethacin, and ketoprofen, are widely used in clinical medicine, but these...

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Bibliographic Details
Published in:Molecular nutrition & food research 2017-06, Vol.61 (6), p.n/a
Main Authors: Cheng, Yu‐Ting, Lu, Chi‐Cheng, Yen, Gow‐Chin
Format: Article
Language:English
Subjects:
Angiogenesis
Angiogenesis Inducing Agents - administration & dosage
Angiogenesis Inducing Agents - adverse effects
Anti-inflammatory agents
Anti-Inflammatory Agents, Non-Steroidal - adverse effects
Antioxidant enzymes
Antioxidants
Antioxidants - metabolism
Apoptosis - drug effects
Aspirin
Aspirin - adverse effects
Beverages
Biocompatibility
Biological activity
Biological effects
Clinical medicine
Diclofenac
Diclofenac - adverse effects
Diet
Digestive system diseases
Drugs
Enzymes
Flavonoids
Flavonoids - pharmacology
Flavonols
Food
Gastric Mucosa - drug effects
Gastric Mucosa - pathology
Gastrointestinal Tract - drug effects
Gastrointestinal Tract - pathology
Humans
Indomethacin
Indomethacin - adverse effects
Inflammation
Inflammation - drug therapy
Inflammation - etiology
Ketoprofen
Ketoprofen - adverse effects
Literature reviews
Mucosa
Nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs
NSAIDs
Omeprazole
Oxidation
Oxidative stress
Oxidative Stress - drug effects
Phenolic acids
Phenols
Phytochemicals
Phytochemicals - pharmacology
Protective Agents - pharmacology
Toxic substances
Ulcer
Ulcers
Vegetables
Xenobiotics
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Summary:The gastrointestinal (GI) mucosa provides the first protective barrier for digested food and xenobiotics, which are easily attacked by toxic substances. Nonsteroidal anti‐inflammatory drugs, including aspirin, diclofenac, indomethacin, and ketoprofen, are widely used in clinical medicine, but these drugs may cause oxidative stress, leading to GI damage such as ulcers. Lansoprazol, omeprazole, and other clinical drugs are widely used to treat duodenal and gastric ulcers and have been shown to have multiple biological functions, such as antioxidant activity and the ability to upregulate antioxidant enzymes in vivo. Therefore, the reduction of oxidative stress may be an effective curative strategy for preventing and treating nonsteroidal anti‐inflammatory drug induced ulcers of the GI mucosa. Phytochemicals, such as dietary phenolic compounds, phenolic acids, flavan‐3‐ols, flavonols, flavonoids, gingerols, carotenes, and organosulfur, are common antioxidants in fruits, vegetables, and beverages. A large amount of evidence has demonstrated that natural phytochemicals possess bioactivity and potential health benefits, such as antioxidant, anti‐inflammatory, and antibacterial benefits, and they can prevent digestive disease processes. In this review, we summarize the literature on phytochemicals with biological effects, such as angiogenic, antioxidant, antiapoptotic, anti‐inflammatory, and antiulceration effects, and their related mechanisms are also discussed. Nonsteroidal anti‐inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs) are widely used in clinical medicine to alleviate inflammatory effects. However, these drugs might cause oxidative stress to induce gastrointestinal damage or peptic ulcers. Phytochemicals from fruits and vegetables have characterized the beneficial health effects and can protect against NSAID‐induced oxidative damage to the gastrointestinal mucosa through regulating antioxidant defense system and endogenous or exogenous defending mechanisms.
ISSN:1613-4125
1613-4133
DOI:10.1002/mnfr.201600659