Proaggregant nuclear factor trigger rapid formation of [alpha]-synuclein aggregates in apoptotic neurons

Cell-to-cell transmission of [alpha]-synuclein ([alpha]S) aggregates has been proposed to be responsible for progressive [alpha]S pathology in Parkinson disease (PD) and related disorders, including dementia with Lewy bodies. In support of this concept, a growing body of in vitro and in vivo experim...

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Bibliographic Details
Published in:Acta neuropathologica 2016-07, Vol.132 (1), p.77
Main Authors: Jiang, Peizhou, Gan, Ming, Yen, Shu-Hui, Moussaud, Simon, McLean, Pamela J, Dickson, Dennis W
Format: Article
Language:English
Subjects:
Apoptosis
Cell culture
Dementia
Dopamine
Neurons
Parkinson disease
Parkinson's disease
Pathology
Propagation
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Summary:Cell-to-cell transmission of [alpha]-synuclein ([alpha]S) aggregates has been proposed to be responsible for progressive [alpha]S pathology in Parkinson disease (PD) and related disorders, including dementia with Lewy bodies. In support of this concept, a growing body of in vitro and in vivo experimental evidence shows that exogenously introduced [alpha]S aggregates can spread into surrounding cells and trigger PD-like pathology. It remains to be determined what factor(s) lead to initiation of [alpha]S aggregation that is capable of seeding subsequent propagation. In this study we demonstrate that filamentous [alpha]S aggregates form in neurons in response to apoptosis induced by staurosporine or other toxins-6-hydroxy-dopamine and 1-methyl-4-phenylpyridinium (MPP+). Interaction between [alpha]S and proaggregant nuclear factor(s) is associated with disruption of nuclear envelope integrity. Knocking down a key nuclear envelop constituent protein, lamin B1, enhances [alpha]S aggregation. Moreover, in vitro and in vivo experimental models demonstrate that aggregates released upon cell breakdown can be taken up by surrounding cells. Accordingly, we suggest that at least some [alpha]S aggregation might be related to neuronal apoptosis or loss of nuclear membrane integrity, exposing cytosolic [alpha]-synuclein to proaggregant nuclear factors. These findings provide new clues to the pathogenesis of PD and related disorders that can lead to novel treatments of these disorders. Specifically, finding ways to limit the effects of apoptosis on [alpha]S aggregation, deposition, local uptake and subsequent propagation might significantly impact progression of disease.
ISSN:0001-6322
1432-0533
DOI:10.1007/s00401-016-1542-4