A High-Saturated-Fat, High-Sucrose Diet Aggravates Bone Loss in Ovariectomized Female Rats 1-3

Estrogen deficiency in women and high-saturated fat, high-sucrose (HFS) diets have both been recognized as risk factors for metabolic syndrome. Studies on the combined actions of these 2 detrimental factors on the bone in females are limited. We sought to determine the interactive actions of estroge...

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Bibliographic Details
Published in:The Journal of nutrition 2016-06, Vol.146 (6), p.1172
Main Authors: Dong, Xiao-Li, Li, Chun-Mei, Cao, Si-Si, Zhou, Li-Ping, Wong, Man-Sau
Format: Article
Language:English
Subjects:
Antioxidants
Apoptosis
Bones
Diet
Estrogens
Laboratory animals
Lipids
Liver
Metabolism
Oils & fats
Osteoporosis
Oxidation
Pathogenesis
Rodents
Studies
Sucrose
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Summary:Estrogen deficiency in women and high-saturated fat, high-sucrose (HFS) diets have both been recognized as risk factors for metabolic syndrome. Studies on the combined actions of these 2 detrimental factors on the bone in females are limited. We sought to determine the interactive actions of estrogen deficiency and an HFS diet on bone properties and to investigate the underlying mechanisms. Six-month-old Sprague Dawley sham or ovariectomized (OVX) rats were pair fed the same amount of either a low-saturated-fat, low-sucrose (LFS) diet (13% fat calories; 15% sucrose calories) or an HFS diet (42% fat calories; 30% sucrose calories) for 12 wk. Blood, liver, and bone were collected for correspondent parameters measurement. Ovariectomy decreased bone mineral density in the tibia head (TH) by 62% and the femoral end (FE) by 49% (P < 0.0001). The HFS diet aggravated bone loss in OVX rats by an additional 41% in the TH and 37% in the FE (P < 0.05). Bone loss in the HFS-OVX rats was accompanied by increased urinary deoxypyridinoline concentrations by 28% (P < 0.05). The HFS diet induced cathepsin K by 145% but reduced osteoprotegerin mRNA expression at the FE of the HFS-sham rats by 71% (P < 0.05). Ovariectomy significantly increased peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor g mRNA expression by 136% and 170% at the FE of the LFS- and HFS-OVX rats, respectively (P < 0.05). The HFS diet aggravated ovariectomyinduced lipid deposition and oxidative stress (OS) in rat livers (P < 0.05). Trabecular bone mineral density at the FE was negatively correlated with rat liver malondialdehyde concentrations (R2 = 0.39; P < 0.01). The detrimental actions of the HFS diet and ovariectomy on bone properties in rats occurredmainly in cancellous bones and were characterized by a high degree of bone resorption and alterations in OS.
ISSN:0022-3166
1541-6100
DOI:10.3945/jn.115.225474