Estimated risk of radiation-induced cancer from paediatric chest CT: two-year cohort study

Background The increasing absolute number of paediatric CT scans raises concern about the safety and efficacy and the effects of consecutive diagnostic ionising radiation. Objective To demonstrate a method to evaluate the lifetime attributable risk of cancer incidence/mortality due to a single low-d...

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Published in:Pediatric radiology 2015-03, Vol.45 (3), p.329-336
Main Authors: Niemann, Tilo, Colas, Lucie, Roser, Hans W., Santangelo, Teresa, Faivre, Jean Baptiste, Remy, Jaques, Remy-Jardin, Martine, Bremerich, Jens
Format: Article
Language:English
Subjects:
Adolescent
Child
Child, Preschool
Cohort Studies
Female
Humans
Imaging
Infant
Infant, Newborn
Male
Medicine
Medicine & Public Health
Neoplasms, Radiation-Induced - epidemiology
Neuroradiology
Nuclear Medicine
Oncology
Original Article
Pediatrics
Radiography, Thoracic - adverse effects
Radiography, Thoracic - statistics & numerical data
Radiology
Retrospective Studies
Risk
Tomography, Spiral Computed - adverse effects
Tomography, Spiral Computed - statistics & numerical data
Ultrasound
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Summary:Background The increasing absolute number of paediatric CT scans raises concern about the safety and efficacy and the effects of consecutive diagnostic ionising radiation. Objective To demonstrate a method to evaluate the lifetime attributable risk of cancer incidence/mortality due to a single low-dose helical chest CT in a two-year patient cohort. Materials and methods A two-year cohort of 522 paediatric helical chest CT scans acquired using a dedicated low-dose protocol were analysed retrospectively. Patient-specific estimations of radiation doses were modelled using three different mathematical phantoms. Per-organ attributable cancer risk was then estimated using epidemiological models. Additional comparison was provided for naturally occurring risks. Results Total lifetime attributable risk of cancer incidence remains low for all age and sex categories, being highest in female neonates (0.34%). Summation of all cancer sites analysed raised the relative lifetime attributable risk of organ cancer incidence up to 3.6% in female neonates and 2.1% in male neonates. Conclusion Using dedicated scan protocols, total lifetime attributable risk of cancer incidence and mortality for chest CT is estimated low for paediatric chest CT, being highest for female neonates.
ISSN:0301-0449
1432-1998
DOI:10.1007/s00247-014-3178-7