Heart rate is associated with red blood cell fatty acid concentration: The Genetics of Coronary Artery Disease in Alaska Natives (GOCADAN) study

Background Consumption of ω-3 fatty acids (FAs) is associated with a reduction in deaths from coronary heart disease, arrhythmia, and sudden death. Although these FAs were originally thought to be antiatherosclerotic, recent evidence suggests that their benefits are related to reducing risk for vent...

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Published in:The American heart journal 2010-06, Vol.159 (6), p.1020-1025
Main Authors: Ebbesson, Sven O.E., PhD, Devereux, Richard B., MD, Cole, Shelley, PhD, Ebbesson, Lars O.E., PhD, Fabsitz, Richard R., PhD, Haack, Karin, PhD, Harris, William S., PhD, Howard, Wm. James, MD, Laston, Sandra, PhD, Lopez-Alvarenga, Juan Carlos, MD, PhD, MacCluer, Jean W., PhD, Okin, Peter M., MD, Tejero, M. Elizabeth, PhD, Voruganti, V. Saroja, PhD, Wenger, Charlotte R., BA, Howard, Barbara V., PhD, Comuzzie, Anthony G., PhD
Format: Article
Language:English
Subjects:
Adult
Age
Aged
Alaska - epidemiology
Atherosclerosis
Biological and medical sciences
Blood pressure
Body mass index
Cardiology. Vascular system
Cardiovascular
Cardiovascular disease
Coronary Artery Disease - blood
Coronary Artery Disease - ethnology
Coronary Artery Disease - genetics
Coronary heart disease
Death, Sudden, Cardiac - ethnology
Death, Sudden, Cardiac - etiology
Diabetes
Erythrocytes - metabolism
Family medical history
Fatty acids
Fatty Acids, Omega-3 - adverse effects
Fatty Acids, Omega-3 - blood
Fatty Acids, Omega-3 - pharmacokinetics
Female
Fish oils
Follow-Up Studies
Genetic Predisposition to Disease
Genetics
Heart
Heart rate
Heart Rate - physiology
Humans
Hypertension
Inuits
Male
Medical research
Medical sciences
Mens health
Middle Aged
Mortality
Population
Principal components analysis
Prognosis
Retrospective Studies
Risk Factors
Studies
Tachycardia, Ventricular - blood
Tachycardia, Ventricular - ethnology
Tachycardia, Ventricular - etiology
Variables
Womens health
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Summary:Background Consumption of ω-3 fatty acids (FAs) is associated with a reduction in deaths from coronary heart disease, arrhythmia, and sudden death. Although these FAs were originally thought to be antiatherosclerotic, recent evidence suggests that their benefits are related to reducing risk for ventricular arrhythmia and that this may be mediated by a slowed heart rate (HR). Methods The study was conducted in Alaskan Eskimos participating in the Genetics of Coronary Artery Disease in Alaska Natives (GOCADAN) Study, a population experiencing a dietary shift from unsaturated to saturated fats. We compared HR with red blood cell (RBC) FA content in 316 men and 391 women ages 35 to 74 years. Results Multivariate linear regression analyses of individual FAs with HR as the dependent variable and specific FAs as covariates revealed negative associations between HR and docosahexaenoic acid (22:6n-3; P = .004) and eicosapentaenoic acid (20:5n-3; P = .009) and positive associations between HR and palmitoleic acid (16:1n-7; P = .021), eicosanoic acid (20:1n9; P = .007), and dihomo-γ-linolenic acid (DGLA; 20:3n-6; P = .021). Factor analysis revealed that the ω-3 FAs were negatively associated with HR ( P = .003), whereas a cluster of other, non–ω-3 unsaturated FAs (16:1, 20:1, and 20:3) was positively associated. Conclusions Marine ω-3 FAs are associated with lower HR, whereas palmitoleic and DGLA, previously identified as associated with saturated FA consumption and directly related to cardiovascular mortality, are associated with higher HR. These relations may at least partially explain the relations between ω-3 FAs, ventricular arrhythmia, and sudden death.
ISSN:0002-8703
1097-6744
DOI:10.1016/j.ahj.2010.03.001