The complement and immunoglobulin levels in NMO patients

Since the discovery of aquaporin-4 (AQP4) antibody a decade ago, neuromyelitis optica (NMO) has been distinguished from multiple sclerosis (MS). MS mainly features T lymphocyte-oriented autoimmune responses while NMO is more precisely influenced by humoral immunity, among which the complement activa...

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Bibliographic Details
Published in:Neurological sciences 2014-02, Vol.35 (2), p.215-220
Main Authors: Chen, Ying, Li, Rui, Wu, Ai Ming, Shu, Ya Qing, Lu, Zheng Qi, Hu, Xue Qiang
Format: Article
Language:English
Subjects:
Acute Disease
Adult
Antibodies - metabolism
Aquaporin 4 - immunology
Complement C3 - analysis
Complement C4 - analysis
Complement Hemolytic Activity Assay
Complement System Proteins - analysis
Female
Humans
Immunoglobulin A - blood
Immunoglobulin G - blood
Immunoglobulin Isotypes - blood
Immunoglobulin M - blood
Male
Medicine
Medicine & Public Health
Neurology
Neuromyelitis Optica - diagnosis
Neuromyelitis Optica - immunology
Neuroradiology
Neurosciences
Neurosurgery
Original Article
Psychiatry
Retrospective Studies
Severity of Illness Index
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Summary:Since the discovery of aquaporin-4 (AQP4) antibody a decade ago, neuromyelitis optica (NMO) has been distinguished from multiple sclerosis (MS). MS mainly features T lymphocyte-oriented autoimmune responses while NMO is more precisely influenced by humoral immunity, among which the complement activation has always been reckoned as an important mechanism. The AQP4 antibody, namely NMO-IgG, adds to new evidence of how complement affects the severity of NMO. We compared the levels of complement (C3, C4, CH50) and immunoglobulins (IgG, IgM, IgA) between NMO patients and controls. Groups with AQP4 antibody positive and negative NMO patients were also compared with controls, respectively, aiming to elaborate on the relationship between complement activation and immunoglobulins. We also compared these indexes together with expanded disability status scale (EDSS) between two different groups in NMO patients and endeavored to figure out their correlations with each other. Complement and immunoglobulins were compared between NMO patients in acute phase and non-acute phase of the disease to find out the level fluctuation of CH50 and other indexes during different stages of NMO. We analyzed NMO patients ( n  = 88) and controls ( n  = 44) for IgG, IgM, IgA, other indexes like CH50, C3, C4 have also been explored between the two groups. Furthermore, we investigated whether these antibodies could mediate complement-dependent cytotoxicity. Thus, the NMO patients were split into two groups with or without AQP4 antibody to find out the status of NMO-IgG in the development and severity of the disease. EDSS was used as criteria for the evaluating the seriousness of NMO. Comparison between NMO patients in acute stage and non-acute stage of the disease was also made for a better understanding of the disease. Compared with controls, NMO patients had much higher IgG (13.984 ± 5.981 mg/ml, 11.430 ± 3.254 mg/ml, P  
ISSN:1590-1874
1590-3478
DOI:10.1007/s10072-013-1481-y