Platinum-Catalyzed Bis-Germylation of Alkynes with Organodigermanes and Cyclic Oligogermanes

Hexamethyldigermane, Me3GeGeMe3, reacted with various alkynes in the presence of platinum complexes at 120 °C to afford Z–1,2-bis(germyl)ethenes in moderate to good yields. Terminal alkynes exhibit higher reactivities than internal ones. [Pt(acac)2] and [Pt(dba)2] serve as efficient catalysts, while...

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Published in:Bulletin of the Chemical Society of Japan 2001-01, Vol.74 (1), p.123-137
Main Authors: Mochida, Kunio, Wada, Tohru, Suzuki, Kaoru, Hatanaka, Wakako, Nishiyama, Yuriko, Nanjo, Masato, Sekine, Akiko, Ohashi, Yuji, Sakamoto, Masato, Yamamoto, Akio
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Language:English
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Summary:Hexamethyldigermane, Me3GeGeMe3, reacted with various alkynes in the presence of platinum complexes at 120 °C to afford Z–1,2-bis(germyl)ethenes in moderate to good yields. Terminal alkynes exhibit higher reactivities than internal ones. [Pt(acac)2] and [Pt(dba)2] serve as efficient catalysts, while [Pt(PPh3)4], [PtCl2(PPh3)2], and [Pt(dba)2]-phosphite were found to be inactive. Four- and six-membered cyclic oligogermanes, such as dodecamethylcyclohexagermane, (Me2Ge)6, reacted with alkynes in the presence of platinum catalysts to yield 1,4-digermacyclohexa-2,5-dienes in ca. 30% yield. The reactions of phenylacetylene with 1,2-digermacyclohexa-3,5-dienes afforded the corresponding 1,4-digermacycloocta-2,5,7-trienes in 93% yield. Bis(germyl)platinum complexes having various tertiary phosphine ligands have been prepared as models of a key intermediate in the above mentioned catalytic bis-germylation of alkynes, and their structures have been established by spectroscopic methods and X-ray crystallography. Bis(germyl)platinum complexes reacted with phenylacetylene to give the corresponding insertion products, germyl(germylvinyl)platinum species, whose structures have been determined by spectroscopic and X-ray analysis. Germyl(germylvinyl)platinum complexes were found to liberate a bis-germylation product of the alkyne upon heating. The result supports a mechanism involving the oxidative addition of a digermane to a Pt(0) complex, the insertion of an alkyne into one of the two Pt-Ge bonds to give a germyl(germylvinyl)platinum species, and the reductive elimination of the bis-germylation product of the alkyne. Evidence suggesting the extrusion of a germylene unit from the bis-germylplatinum species has been obtained, accounting for the generation courses of other by-products.
ISSN:0009-2673
1348-0634
DOI:10.1246/bcsj.74.123