Characterization of Starch Granules in Rice Culms for Application of Rice Straw as a Feedstock for Saccharification

Rice plants are known to accumulate starch in leaf sheaths and culms, and in some cultivars significant amounts of starch are present at the mature stage. This can be considered as potential feedstock for the recovery of fermentable sugars. We isolated starches from the culms of cultivars Yumeaoba,...

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Published in:Bioscience, biotechnology, and biochemistry biotechnology, and biochemistry, 2010, Vol.74 (8), p.1645-1651
Main Authors: MATSUKI, Junko, PARK, Jeung-yil, SHIROMA, Riki, ARAI-SANOH, Yumiko, IDA, Masashi, KONDO, Motohiko, MOTOBAYASHI, Kota, TOKUYASU, Ken
Format: Article
Language:English
Subjects:
alpha-Amylases - metabolism
amylopectin structure
Bacillus - enzymology
Biofuels
Biological and medical sciences
Carbohydrate Metabolism
Fundamental and applied biological sciences. Psychology
Gelatin - metabolism
gelatinization
Hydrolysis
Oryza - growth & development
Oryza - metabolism
Oryza sativa
rice straw
saccharification
starch
Starch - chemistry
Starch - metabolism
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Summary:Rice plants are known to accumulate starch in leaf sheaths and culms, and in some cultivars significant amounts of starch are present at the mature stage. This can be considered as potential feedstock for the recovery of fermentable sugars. We isolated starches from the culms of cultivars Yumeaoba, Koshihikari, and Leafstar to investigate their structural and physical features. Yumeaoba culm starch contained 20.2% amylose, whereas Koshihikari and Leafstar contained 25.8% and 25.2%. Yumeaoba culm starch was found by chain-length distribution analysis to contain higher amounts of short chains, resulting in lower gelatinization temperature by 7 °C, as compared to Koshihikari and Leafstar. Consequently, the rate of enzymatic hydrolysis of Yumeaoba culm starches reached maximum at a lower temperature than Leafstar. Rice culm starch, with a lower gelatinization temperature, can provide an advantageous material for feedstock for bioethanol production in terms of energy conservation.
ISSN:0916-8451
1347-6947
1347-6947
DOI:10.1271/bbb.100257