In vivo transcriptomic profile after a Mediterranean diet in high–cardiovascular risk patients: a randomized controlled trial

Background: Nutrients can exert healthy effects through nutrigenomic modulation. Data are scarce concerning the in vivo effect of a sustained traditional Mediterranean diet (TMD) pattern on the whole transcriptomic response.Objective: We explored the overall nutrigenomic effect associated with a TMD...

Full description

Saved in:

Bibliographic Details
Published in:	The American journal of clinical nutrition 2013-09, Vol.98 (3), p.845-853
Main Authors:	Castañer, Olga, Corella, Dolores, Covas, Maria-Isabel, Sorlí, José V, Subirana, Isaac, Flores-Mateo, Gemma, Nonell, Lara, Bulló, Monica, de la Torre, Rafael, Portolés, Olga, Fitó, Montserrat
Format:	Article
Language:	eng
Subjects:	Aged atherosclerosis Atherosclerosis - genetics Atherosclerosis - prevention & control Biological and medical sciences Cardiovascular disease Cardiovascular Diseases - etiology Cardiovascular Diseases - genetics Cardiovascular Diseases - prevention & control clinical nutrition Clinical trials Diet Diet, Fat-Restricted Diet, Mediterranean Dietary Fats - pharmacology Dietary Fats - therapeutic use Dietary Supplements Feeding. Feeding behavior Female Fundamental and applied biological sciences. Psychology Gene Expression - drug effects gene expression regulation Genes Humans hypertension Hypertension - genetics Hypertension - prevention & control Leukocytes, Mononuclear - drug effects low fat diet Male Mediterranean diet Microarray Analysis microarray technology Middle Aged mononuclear leukocytes nutrients Nutrigenomics Nutrition research Nuts Olive Oil patients Plant Oils - pharmacology Plant Oils - therapeutic use randomized clinical trials risk Risk Factors Signal Transduction transcriptome Transcriptome - drug effects transcriptomics Vertebrates: anatomy and physiology, studies on body, several organs or systems virgin olive oil
Online Access:	Get full text
Tags:	Add Tag No Tags, Be the first to tag this record!

Description
Summary:	Background: Nutrients can exert healthy effects through nutrigenomic modulation. Data are scarce concerning the in vivo effect of a sustained traditional Mediterranean diet (TMD) pattern on the whole transcriptomic response.Objective: We explored the overall nutrigenomic effect associated with a TMD.Design: We focused on biological pathways related to cardiovascular disease (CVD) in a subsample (n = 34) of the Prevención Con Dieta Mediterránea (PREDIMED) study, which was a large, parallel-group, multicenter, randomized controlled trial that aimed to assess the effects of TMD on the primary prevention of CVD in individuals with high cardiovascular risk. Participants were randomly assigned to a low-fat diet control group or TMD intervention groups [traditional Mediterranean diet supplemented with virgin olive oil (TMD+VOO) or traditional Mediterranean diet supplemented with nuts (TMD+Nuts)] in equal proportions. Three-month changes in whole genome peripheral blood mononuclear cells were assessed by using whole transcriptome microarray analyses.Results: A functional annotation analysis was performed on 241 selected responder genes after the TMD+VOO (139 upregulated and 102 downregulated genes), 312 selected responder genes after the TMD+Nuts (165 upregulated and 147 downregulated genes), and 145 selected responder genes after the low-fat (100 upregulated and 45 downregulated genes) diets. Of 18 cardiovascular canonical pathway analyses, 12 pathways were differentially expressed, and 43% of pathways were modulated by both TMDs; the most prevalent pathways were related to atherosclerosis and hypertension. After simultaneous testing adjustment, 9 pathways were modulated by the TMD+VOO diet, and 4 pathways were modulated by the TMD+Nuts diet.Conclusion: One of the mechanisms by which TMD, particularly if supplemented with virgin olive oil, can exert health benefits is through changes in the transcriptomic response of genes related to cardiovascular risk. This trial was registered at the London-based Current Controlled Trials register as ISRCTN35739639.
ISSN:	0002-9165 1938-3207