Durable, superhydrophobic, antireflection, and low haze glass surfaces using scalable metal dewetting nanostructuring

In this paper we report a multifunctional nanostructured surface on glass that, for the first time, combines a wide range of optical, wetting and durability properties, including low omnidirectional reflectivity, low haze, high transmission, superhydrophobicity, oleophobicity, and high mechanical re...

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Bibliographic Details
Published in:Nano research 2013-06, Vol.6 (6), p.429-440
Main Authors: Infante, Daniel, Koch, Karl W., Mazumder, Prantik, Tian, Lili, Carrilero, Albert, Tulli, Domenico, Baker, David, Pruneri, Valerio
Format: Article
Language:English
Subjects:
Atomic/Molecular Structure and Spectra
Biomedicine
Biotechnology
Chemistry and Materials Science
Condensed Matter Physics
Contact angle
Etching
Glass substrates
Hydrophobic surfaces
Materials Science
Nanoparticles
Nanotechnology
Research Article
去湿
可伸缩
抗反射
玻璃表面
表面纳米结构
超疏水
金属薄膜
雾度
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Summary:In this paper we report a multifunctional nanostructured surface on glass that, for the first time, combines a wide range of optical, wetting and durability properties, including low omnidirectional reflectivity, low haze, high transmission, superhydrophobicity, oleophobicity, and high mechanical resistance. Nanostructures have been fabricated on a glass surface by reactive ion etching through a nanomask, which is formed by dewetting ultrathin metal films （〈 10 nm thickness） subjected to rapid thermal annealing （RTA）. The nanostructures strongly reduce the initial surface reflectivity （-4%）, to less than 0.4% in the 390--800 nm wavelength range while keeping the haze at low values （〈 0.9%）. The corresponding water contact angle （0c） is -24.5~, while that on a flat surface is -43.5~. The hydrophilic wetting nanostructure can be changed into a superhydrophobic and oleophobic surface by applying a fluorosilane coating, which achieves contact angles for water and oil of -156.3~ and -116.2~, respectively. The multicomponent composition of the substrate （Coming~ glass） enables ion exchange through the surface, so that the nanopillars＇ mechanical robustness increases, as is demonstrated by the negligible changes in surface morphology and optical performance after 5,000-run wipe test. The geometry of the nanoparticles forming the nanomask depends on the metal material, initial metal thickness and RTA parameters. In particular we show that by simply changing the initial thickness of continuous Cu films we can tailor the metal nanoparticles＇ surface density and size. The developed surface nanostructuring does not require expensive lithography, thus it can be controlled and implemented on an industrial scale, which is crucial for applications.
ISSN:1998-0124
1998-0000
DOI:10.1007/s12274-013-0320-z