Curcumin Inhibits Proliferation and Induces Apoptosis of Human Colorectal Cancer Cells by Activating the Mitochondria Apoptotic Pathway

Curcumin, a natural plant extract from Curcuma longa, is known for its anti‐carcinogenic and chemopreventive effects on a variety of experimental cancer models. In this study, we evaluated the effects of curcumin and elucidated its mechanism in human colorectal carcinoma cells. Cell viability assay...

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Published in:Phytotherapy research 2013-03, Vol.27 (3), p.422-430
Main Authors: Guo, Li‐da, Chen, Xue‐jie, Hu, Yu‐hong, Yu, Zhi‐jun, Wang, Duo, Liu, Jing‐ze
Format: Article
Language:English
Subjects:
apoptosis
Apoptosis - drug effects
bcl-2-Associated X Protein - metabolism
Caspase 3 - metabolism
Caspase 9 - metabolism
Cell Cycle Checkpoints - drug effects
Cell Line, Tumor
Cell Proliferation - drug effects
Cell Survival - drug effects
cell viability
chemoprevention
colorectal cancer
colorectal neoplasms
Curcuma - chemistry
Curcuma longa
curcumin
Curcumin - pharmacology
cytochrome c
Humans
Inhibitor of Apoptosis Proteins - metabolism
interphase
lactate dehydrogenase
LoVo cells
membrane potential
Membrane Potential, Mitochondrial - drug effects
mitochondria
Mitochondria - drug effects
Mitochondria - metabolism
mitochondrial pathway
Tumor Suppressor Protein p53 - metabolism
Western blotting
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Summary:Curcumin, a natural plant extract from Curcuma longa, is known for its anti‐carcinogenic and chemopreventive effects on a variety of experimental cancer models. In this study, we evaluated the effects of curcumin and elucidated its mechanism in human colorectal carcinoma cells. Cell viability assay showed that curcumin significantly inhibited the growth of LoVo cells. Curcumin treatment induced the apoptosis accompanied by ultra‐structural changes and release of lactate dehydrogenase in a dose‐dependent manner. Moreover, treatment with 0–30 µg/mL curcumin decreased the mitochondrial membrane potential and activated the caspase‐3 and caspase‐9 in a dose‐ and time‐dependent manner. Nuclear and annexin V/PI staining showed that curcumin induced the apoptosis of LoVo cells. FACS analysis revealed that curcumin could induce the cell cycle arrest of LoVo cells at the S phase. Furthermore, western blotting analysis indicated that curcumin induced the release of cytochrome c, a significant increase of Bax and p53 and a marked reduction of Bcl‐2 and survivin in LoVo cells. Taken together, our results suggested that curcumin inhibited the growth of LoVo cells by inducing apoptosis through a mitochondria‐mediated pathway. Copyright © 2012 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
ISSN:0951-418X
1099-1573
DOI:10.1002/ptr.4731