Metagenomic shotgun sequencing of blood to identify bacteria and viruses in leukemic febrile neutropenia

Despite diagnostic advances in microbiology, the etiology of neutropenic fever remains elusive in most cases. In this study, we evaluated the utility of a metagenomic shotgun sequencing based assay for detection of bacteria and viruses in blood samples of patients with febrile neutropenia. We prospe...

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Bibliographic Details
Published in:PloS one 2022-06, Vol.17 (6), p.e0269405-e0269405
Main Authors: Vijayvargiya, Prakhar, Feri, Adeline, Mairey, Mathilde, Rouillon, Cécile, Jeraldo, Patricio R, Esquer Garrigos, Zerelda, Thoendel, Matthew J, Greenwood-Quaintance, Kerryl E, Sohail, M Rizwan, Sampathkumar, Priya, Spychalla, Megan T, Stewart, A K, Patnaik, Mrinal M, Tande, Aaron J, Cruveiller, Stéphane, Hannet, Irene, Beurdeley, Pascale, Patel, Robin
Format: Article
Language:English
Subjects:
Acute leukemia
Antibiotics
Bacteria
Bacteria - genetics
Bacterial infections
Biology and life sciences
Blood
Chemotherapy
Complications and side effects
Diagnosis
Disease prevention
DNA sequencing
Etiology
Febrile Neutropenia - complications
Fever
Fever - etiology
Humans
Hyperthermia
Infections
Infectious diseases
Leukemia
Leukemia, Myeloid, Acute - complications
Medical examination
Medicine and Health Sciences
Metagenomics
Methods
Microbiology
Microorganisms
Neutropenia
Nucleotide sequencing
Optimization
Pathogens
Patients
Research and analysis methods
Sample preparation
Thrombosis
Virus diseases
Viruses
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Summary:Despite diagnostic advances in microbiology, the etiology of neutropenic fever remains elusive in most cases. In this study, we evaluated the utility of a metagenomic shotgun sequencing based assay for detection of bacteria and viruses in blood samples of patients with febrile neutropenia. We prospectively enrolled 20 acute leukemia patients and obtained blood from these patients at three time points: 1) anytime from onset of neutropenia until before development of neutropenic fever, 2) within 24 hours of onset of neutropenic fever, 3) 5-7 days after onset of neutropenic fever. Blood samples underwent sample preparation, sequencing and analysis using the iDTECT® Dx Blood v1® platform (PathoQuest, Paris, France). Clinically relevant viruses or bacteria were detected in three cases each by metagenomic shotgun sequencing and blood cultures, albeit with no concordance between the two. Further optimization of sample preparation methods and sequencing platforms is needed before widespread adoption of this technology into clinical practice.
ISSN:1932-6203
1932-6203
DOI:10.1371/journal.pone.0269405