A prevalence study in Guadalajara, Mexico, comparing tuberculin skin test and QuantiFERON-TB Gold In-Tube

Tuberculosis (TB) is a prevalent disease throughout the world. The extent of TB illness in childhood is not clear; recent data shows that 10-20% of the cases are found in children under 15 years old. In 2017, 1 million children developed the disease, of which 9% were co-infected with HIV. A cross-se...

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Bibliographic Details
Published in:PloS one 2022-03, Vol.17 (3), p.e0264982-e0264982
Main Authors: Plascencia Hernández, Arturo, González Sánchez, Rodrigo M, Hernández Cañaveral, Iván I, Luévanos Velázquez, Antonio, Martínez Arce, Pedro A, González Díaz, Alexander, Sandoval Díaz, Manuel, de Armas Rodríguez, Yaxsier, González Ochoa, Edilberto, Pérez Gómez, Héctor Raúl
Format: Article
Language:English
Subjects:
Acquired immune deficiency syndrome
Adolescent
AIDS
Analysis
Biology and Life Sciences
Child
Child, Preschool
Children
Cross-Sectional Studies
Diagnosis
Diseases
Distribution
Female
Gold
HIV
HIV Infections - complications
HIV Infections - diagnosis
HIV Infections - epidemiology
Human immunodeficiency virus
Humans
Immunization
Immunodeficiency
Immunosuppression
Infant
Infections
Interferon-gamma Release Tests
Latent Tuberculosis - diagnosis
Latent Tuberculosis - epidemiology
Male
Medical diagnosis
Medicine and Health Sciences
Mexico - epidemiology
Patients
Pediatrics
Public health
Skin
Skin tests
Tuberculin
Tuberculin Test
Tuberculosis
Tuberculosis - diagnosis
Tuberculosis - epidemiology
Vaccination
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Summary:Tuberculosis (TB) is a prevalent disease throughout the world. The extent of TB illness in childhood is not clear; recent data shows that 10-20% of the cases are found in children under 15 years old. In 2017, 1 million children developed the disease, of which 9% were co-infected with HIV. A cross-sectional study that analyzed 48 children diagnosed with HIV-infection in Guadalajara, Mexico. The tuberculin skin test (TST) and QuantiFERON-TB Gold In-Tube test (QFT) were performed and compared to diagnose latent TB infection (LTBI). The average age was 9 years old (± 4), with an age range of 1-16 years; the 6-12-year-old group predominated with 50% of cases. 27 patients (56%) were male; 83% had received the BCG vaccination and 23% had a history of being contacts of TB cases. In the study, 40 patients (83%) were without immunosuppression; seven (15%) with moderate immunosuppression, and only one patient had severe immunodeficiency. Overall, 3 of the 48 children (6.2%) had a positive TST, while 8 out of 48 (16.6%) had a positive QFT. The concordance between the two tests was 89.6% (43/48) with Kappa = 0.5 (95% CI, 0.14-0.85). The QFT test represents an opportunity in the diagnosis of LTBI, particularly in pediatric HIV- patients. This is the first study that compares the two tests (TST and QFT) in children with HIV-infection in Guadalajara, Mexico.
ISSN:1932-6203
1932-6203
DOI:10.1371/journal.pone.0264982