Prevalence and characterization of asymptomatic thyroid nodules in Assin North District, Ghana

Ultrasound is now the initial imaging modality of choice for detection and characterization of lesions of the thyroid gland. Ultrasound imaging studies of the thyroid gland report varied prevalence of asymptomatic thyroid nodules (ATN), ranging from 20 to 67%. This study estimated the prevalence, ch...

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Bibliographic Details
Published in:PloS one 2022-02, Vol.17 (2), p.e0263365-e0263365
Main Authors: Morna, Martin Tangnaa, Tuoyire, Derek Anamaale, Jimah, Bashiru Babatunde, Eliason, Sebastian, Baffour Appiah, Anthony, Rahman, Ganiyu Adebisi
Format: Article
Language:English
Subjects:
Adult
Alcohol use
Asymptomatic
Biology and Life Sciences
Body mass
Body Mass Index
Body size
Cross-Sectional Studies
Diagnosis
Diet
Female
Food consumption
Ghana - epidemiology
Hospitals
Households
Humans
Iodine
Iodine content
Laboratories
Male
Medicine and Health Sciences
Middle Aged
Nodules
Obesity
People and Places
Physical Sciences
Physiology
Population
Population studies
Prevalence
Research and Analysis Methods
Sample size
Sampling techniques
Statistical analysis
Statistical methods
Statistics
Supervision
Surgery
Thyroid
Thyroid diseases
Thyroid gland
Thyroid Nodule - diagnostic imaging
Thyroid Nodule - epidemiology
Thyroid Nodule - pathology
Ultrasonic imaging
Ultrasonography - methods
Ultrasound
Womens health
Young Adult
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Summary:Ultrasound is now the initial imaging modality of choice for detection and characterization of lesions of the thyroid gland. Ultrasound imaging studies of the thyroid gland report varied prevalence of asymptomatic thyroid nodules (ATN), ranging from 20 to 67%. This study estimated the prevalence, characterized and determined factors associated with ATN in selected communities in the Assin North Municipality, Central Region, Ghana. The study was a cross-sectional design, involving 320 participants from six (6) communities in the Assin North District of the Central Region of Ghana. Socio-demographic data and data from ultrasound examination of the thyroid gland were analyzed using descriptive and inferential statistical techniques. The prevalence of ATN was 11.3% among 320 participants with the mean age of 56.53(±16.5) years. ATNs were common in the left lobe (69%) and predominantly solitary (64%). ATNs increased with age and body mass index (BMI). Those aged 60 years and above had significantly higher odds (OR = 24.40, 95% CI = 2.59-229.86) of having ATNs, likewise overweigh (OR = 5.32, 95% CI = 1.12-25.20) and obese (OR = 12.51, 95% CI = 1.47-106.58) individuals. The prevalence of ATN in our study population was relatively low, and more predictable among those 60 years or older, those in unhealthy BMI categories. There is the need for the reinforcement and intensification of educational campaigns on the consumption of iodized dietary salt as well as the consumption of foods rich in iodine content, particularly among older individuals.
ISSN:1932-6203
1932-6203
DOI:10.1371/journal.pone.0263365