Schistosomiasis outbreak during COVID-19 pandemic in Takum, Northeast Nigeria: Analysis of infection status and associated risk factors

Mass drug administration for schistosomiasis started in 2014 across Taraba State. Surprisingly in 2020, an outbreak of schistosomiasis was reported in Takum local government area. This epidemiological investigation therefore assessed the current status of infection, analyzed associated risk factors...

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Bibliographic Details
Published in:PloS one 2022-01, Vol.17 (1), p.e0262524-e0262524
Main Authors: Olamiju, Francisca, Nebe, Obiageli J, Mogaji, Hammed, Marcus, Ayodele, Amodu-Agbi, Perpetua, Urude, Rita O, Apake, Ebenezer, Olamiju, Olatunwa, Okoronkwo, Chimdinma, Achu, Ijeoma, Mpama, Okezie
Format: Article
Language:English
Subjects:
Adolescent
Biology and Life Sciences
Bladder
Child
Child, Preschool
Community
Consent
Control
Coronaviruses
COVID-19
COVID-19 - epidemiology
Cross-Sectional Studies
Demography
Disease hot spots
Disease Outbreaks
Disease transmission
Drinking water
Earth Sciences
Ecology and Environmental Sciences
Epidemics
Epidemiology
Female
Health risks
Humans
Hygiene
Infections
Local government
Male
Medicine and Health Sciences
Nigeria
Nigeria - epidemiology
Outbreaks
Pandemics
Parasites
Potable water
Praziquantel
Prevalence
Public health
Risk analysis
Risk Factors
Sanitation
Schistosomiasis
Schistosomiasis - epidemiology
Schools
Software
Statistics
Surveillance systems
Swimming
Tropical diseases
Urine
Water pollution effects
Water purification
Young Adult
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Summary:Mass drug administration for schistosomiasis started in 2014 across Taraba State. Surprisingly in 2020, an outbreak of schistosomiasis was reported in Takum local government area. This epidemiological investigation therefore assessed the current status of infection, analyzed associated risk factors and arrested the outbreak through community sensitization activities and mass treatment of 3,580 persons with praziquantel tablets. Epidemiological assessment involving parasitological analysis of stool and urine samples were conducted among 432 consenting participants in five communities. Samples were processed using Kato-Katz and urine filtration techniques. Participants data on demography, water contact behavior and access to water, sanitation and hygiene facilities were obtained using standardized questionnaires. Data were analysed using SPSS 20.0 and significance level was set at 95%. An overall prevalence of 34.7% was observed, with 150 participants infected with both species of Schistosoma parasite. By communities, prevalence was higher in Birama (57.7%), Barkin Lissa (50.5%) and Shibong (33.3%). By species', S. haematobium infection was significantly higher than S. mansoni (28.9% vs 9.5%), with higher proportion of younger males infected (p
ISSN:1932-6203
1932-6203
DOI:10.1371/journal.pone.0262524