Plasticity of the bony carotid canal and its clinical use for assessing negative remodeling of the internal carotid artery

It has long been believed that the bony carotid canal has no plasticity and that a small canal represents a hypoplastic internal carotid artery. We aimed to show whether the carotid canal can narrow according to morphological changes in the internal carotid artery. The carotid canal diameter was lon...

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Bibliographic Details
Published in:PloS one 2021-12, Vol.16 (12), p.e0261235-e0261235
Main Authors: Oichi, Yuki, Mineharu, Yohei, Agawa, Yuji, Morimoto, Takaaki, Funaki, Takeshi, Fushimi, Yasutaka, Yoshida, Kazumichi, Kataoka, Hiroharu, Miyamoto, Susumu
Format: Article
Language:English
Subjects:
Adaptation, Physiological - physiology
Adult
Aged
Atrial Remodeling - physiology
Biology and Life Sciences
Biometry - methods
Canals (anatomy)
Carotid arteries
Carotid artery
Carotid Artery, Internal - metabolism
Carotid Artery, Internal - pathology
Carotid Artery, Internal - physiology
Computed tomography
Correlation
CT imaging
Diameters
Engineering and Technology
Evaluation
Female
Humans
Image resolution
Magnetic resonance
Magnetic resonance imaging
Magnetic Resonance Imaging - methods
Male
Medicine
Medicine and Health Sciences
Middle Aged
Morphology
Moyamoya disease
Moyamoya Disease - physiopathology
Neurosurgery
Patients
Plastic properties
Plasticity
Population
Research and Analysis Methods
Structure
Temporal Bone - anatomy & histology
Tomography, X-Ray Computed - methods
University graduates
Variables
Veins & arteries
Work stations
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Summary:It has long been believed that the bony carotid canal has no plasticity and that a small canal represents a hypoplastic internal carotid artery. We aimed to show whether the carotid canal can narrow according to morphological changes in the internal carotid artery. The carotid canal diameter was longitudinally measured in seven individuals who underwent carotid artery ligation. As moyamoya disease is known to be associated with negative remodeling of the internal carotid artery, the carotid canal diameter was measured in 106 patients with moyamoya disease, and an association with the outer diameter of the internal carotid artery or a correlation with the disease stage was investigated. The carotid canal was measured by computed tomography (106 patients), and the outer diameter of the artery was measured by high-resolution magnetic resonance imaging (63 patients). The carotid canal area was calculated by the product of the maximum axial diameter and its perpendicular diameter. All seven patients who underwent carotid artery ligation showed narrowing of the carotid canal, and the carotid canal area decreased by 12.2%-28.9% during a mean follow-up period of 4.2 years. In patients with moyamoya disease, the carotid canal area showed a linear correlation with the outer area of the internal carotid artery (r = 0.657, p < 0.001), and a negative correlation with the disease stage (ρ = -0.283, p < 0.001). The bony carotid canal has plasticity, and its area reflects the outer area of the internal carotid artery, therefore, it can be used to assess the remodeling of the carotid artery. A narrow carotid canal may not necessarily indicate hypoplastic internal carotid artery.
ISSN:1932-6203
1932-6203
DOI:10.1371/journal.pone.0261235