Antimicrobial resistance, virulence genes and biofilm formation in Enterococcus species isolated from milk of sheep and goat with subclinical mastitis

This study is designed to discuss the antimicrobial resistance, virulence determinants and biofilm formation capacity of Enterococcus spp. isolated from milk of sheep and goat with subclinical mastitis in Qena, Egypt. The obtained isolates were identified by the VITEK2 system and 16S rDNA sequencing...

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Bibliographic Details
Published in:PloS one 2021-11, Vol.16 (11), p.e0259584-e0259584
Main Authors: El-Zamkan, Mona A, Mohamed, Hams M A
Format: Article
Language:English
Subjects:
Analysis
Animals
Anti-Bacterial Agents - pharmacology
Antibiotics
Antimicrobial agents
Antimicrobial resistance
Biofilms
Biofilms - drug effects
Biology and Life Sciences
Dairy industry
Dominant species
Drug resistance
Drug resistance in microorganisms
Drug Resistance, Bacterial
Enterococcus
Enterococcus - drug effects
Enterococcus - genetics
Female
Genes
Goats
Health aspects
Inspection
Investigations
Linezolid
Mastitis
Mastitis - microbiology
Medicine and Health Sciences
Milk
Milk - microbiology
Multidrug resistance
Nosocomial infections
Oxacillin
Pathogens
Phylogenetics
Properties
Public health
rRNA 16S
Sequences
Sheep
Vancomycin
Veterinary medicine
Virulence
Virulence (Microbiology)
Virulence - genetics
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Summary:This study is designed to discuss the antimicrobial resistance, virulence determinants and biofilm formation capacity of Enterococcus spp. isolated from milk of sheep and goat with subclinical mastitis in Qena, Egypt. The obtained isolates were identified by the VITEK2 system and 16S rDNA sequencing as E. faecalis, E. faecium, E. casseliflavus and E. hirae. Overall, E. faecalis and E. faecium were the dominant species recovered from mastitic milk samples. The antimicrobial susceptibility test evidenced multidrug resistance of the isolates against the following antimicrobials: oxacillin (89.2.%), followed by vancomycin (75.7%) and linezolid (70.3%). Also, most of these isolates (73%) could form biofilms. For example, 18.9% of Enterococcus strains formed strong biofilm, whereas 32.4% of isolates formed moderate biofilm and 21.6% of isolates formed weak biofilm. The most prevalent resistance genes found in our isolates were blaZ (54%), vanA (40%), ermB (51.4%), tetM (13.5%) and optrA (10.8%). Moreover, asa1 (37.8%), cylA (42.3%), gelE (78.4%), esp (32.4%), EF3314(48.6%) and ace (75.5%) were the most common virulence genes. A significant correlation was found between biofilm formation, multidrug resistance and virulence genes of the isolates. This study highlights several aspects of virulence and harmfulness of Enterococcus strains isolated from subclinical mastitic milk, which necessitates continuous inspection and monitoring of dairy animals.
ISSN:1932-6203
1932-6203
DOI:10.1371/journal.pone.0259584