Outcomes of COVID-19 patients with comorbidities in southwest Nigeria

Data on the comorbidities that result in negative outcomes for people with COVID-19 are currently scarce for African populations. This study identifies comorbidities that predict death among a large sample of COVID-19 patients from Nigeria. This was a retrospective analysis of medical records for 21...

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Bibliographic Details
Published in:PloS one 2021-03, Vol.16 (3), p.e0248281-e0248281
Main Authors: Osibogun, Akin, Balogun, Mobolanle, Abayomi, Akin, Idris, Jide, Kuyinu, Yetunde, Odukoya, Oluwakemi, Wright, Ololade, Adeseun, Remi, Mutiu, Bamidele, Saka, Babatunde, Osa, Nike, Lajide, Dayo, Abdus-Salam, Ismael, Osikomaiya, Bodunrin, Onasanya, Oluwatosin, Adebayo, Bisola, Oshodi, Yewande, Adesola, Sunday, Adejumo, Olu, Erinoso, Olufemi, Abdur-Razzaq, Hussein, Bowale, Abimbola, Akinroye, Kingsley
Format: Article
Language:English
Subjects:
Adult
Aged
Biology and Life Sciences
Biosafety
Blood transfusion
Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease
Comorbidity
Complications and side effects
Containment
Coronaviruses
COVID-19
COVID-19 - epidemiology
COVID-19 - mortality
COVID-19 - pathology
COVID-19 - virology
Data analysis
Diabetes
Disease transmission
Editing
Electronic health records
Electronic medical records
Emergency preparedness
Emergency procedures
Emergency response
Epidemics
Female
Funding
Health care
Health risks
Hospital Mortality
Hospitals
Humans
Male
Maxillofacial
Medical records
Medical schools
Medicine
Medicine and Health Sciences
Methodology
Middle Aged
Nigeria
Nigeria - epidemiology
Odds Ratio
Pandemics
Patient outcomes
Patients
People and Places
Physiological aspects
Polymerase chain reaction
Primary care
Protocol (computers)
Psychiatry
Retrospective Studies
Risk Factors
SARS-CoV-2 - isolation & purification
Severe acute respiratory syndrome
Severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2
Severity of Illness Index
Sputum
Supervision
Surgery
Transfusion
Ventilation
Viral diseases
Viruses
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Summary:Data on the comorbidities that result in negative outcomes for people with COVID-19 are currently scarce for African populations. This study identifies comorbidities that predict death among a large sample of COVID-19 patients from Nigeria. This was a retrospective analysis of medical records for 2184 laboratory confirmed cases of COVID-19 in Lagos, southwest Nigeria. Extracted data included age, sex, severity of condition at presentation and self-reported comorbidities. The outcomes of interest were death or discharge from facility. Most of the cases were male (65.8%) and the median age was 43 years (IQR: 33-55). Four hundred and ninety-two patients (22.5%) had at least one comorbidity and the most common amongst them were hypertension (74.2%) and diabetes (30.3%). The mortality rate was 3.3% and a significantly higher proportion of patients with comorbidities died compared to those with none. The comorbidities that predicted death were hypertension (OR: 2.21, 95%CI: 1.22-4.01), diabetes (OR: 3.69, 95% CI: 1.99-6.85), renal disease (OR: 12.53, 95%CI: 1.97-79.56), cancer (OR: 14.12, 95% CI: 2.03-98.19) and HIV (OR: 1.77-84.15]. Comorbidities are prevalent and the associated risk of death is high among COVID-19 patients in Lagos, Nigeria. Public enlightenment, early identification and targeted care for COVID-19 cases with comorbidities are recommended as the pandemic evolves.
ISSN:1932-6203
1932-6203
DOI:10.1371/journal.pone.0248281