Sentinels of synthetics - a comparison of phthalate exposure between common bottlenose dolphins (Tursiops truncatus) and human reference populations

Phthalates are chemical esters used as additives in common consumer goods, such as plastics, household cleaners, and personal care products. Phthalates are not chemically bound to the items to which they are added and can easily leach into the surrounding environment. Anthropogenic drivers, such as...

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Bibliographic Details
Published in:PloS one 2020-10, Vol.15 (10), p.e0240506
Main Authors: Hart, Leslie B, Dziobak, Miranda K, Pisarski, Emily C, Wirth, Edward F, Wells, Randall S
Format: Article
Language:English
Subjects:
Additives
Animal behavior
Animals
Anthropogenic factors
Aquatic mammals
Biology and Life Sciences
Bottle-Nosed Dolphin - metabolism
Bottle-Nosed Dolphin - urine
Calibration
Cetacea
Chemical wastewater
Common bottlenose dolphin
Consumer goods
Consumer products
Dioctyl phthalate
Disease control
Dolphins
Dolphins & porpoises
Earth Sciences
Ecology and Environmental Sciences
Endocrine disruptors
Environmental aspects
Environmental Exposure - adverse effects
Environmental Exposure - analysis
Environmental Pollutants - adverse effects
Environmental Pollutants - urine
Esters
Exposure
Female
Fisheries
Funding
Health aspects
Health risks
Human influences
Humans
Laboratories
Male
Marine animals
Marine fauna
Medicine and Health Sciences
Metabolites
Nutrition
Nutrition Surveys
Phthalate plasticizers
Phthalates
Phthalic Acids - adverse effects
Phthalic Acids - urine
Physical Sciences
Plastic pollution
Polymers
Reference Standards
Runoff
Runoff increase
Tursiops truncatus
United States
Urine
Wastewater
Wastewater pollution
Water pollution
Water quality
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Summary:Phthalates are chemical esters used as additives in common consumer goods, such as plastics, household cleaners, and personal care products. Phthalates are not chemically bound to the items to which they are added and can easily leach into the surrounding environment. Anthropogenic drivers, such as coastal plastic pollution and wastewater runoff, increase the exposure potential for coastal marine fauna. Phthalate exposure in free-ranging bottlenose dolphins has been the focus of recent study, with indications of heightened exposure to certain phthalate compounds. The objective of this study was to compare urinary phthalate metabolite concentrations among bottlenose dolphins (Tursiops truncatus) sampled in Sarasota Bay, FL, to levels reported in human samples collected as part of the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention's (CDC) National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES). Monoethyl phthalate (MEP) and mono-(2-ethylhexyl) phthalate (MEHP) were the most prevalent metabolites detected in dolphin urine (n = 51; MEP = 29.41%; MEHP = 54.90%). The geometric mean (GM) concentration of MEP was significantly lower for dolphins (GM = 4.51 ng/mL; 95% CI: 2.77-7.34 ng/mL) compared to humans (p
ISSN:1932-6203
1932-6203
DOI:10.1371/journal.pone.0240506