Neonatal septicemia at intensive care unit, Ayder Comprehensive Specialized Hospital, Tigray, North Ethiopia: Bacteriological profile, drug susceptibility pattern, and associated factors

Neonatal septicemia is a life threatening medical emergency that requires timely detection of pathogens with urgent rational antibiotics therapy. A cross-sectional study was conducted between March 2017 to September 2018 among 317 septicemia suspected neonates at neonatal intensive care unit, Ayder...

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Bibliographic Details
Published in:PloS one 2020-06, Vol.15 (6), p.e0235391-e0235391
Main Authors: Weldu, Yemane, Naizgi, Mulugeta, Hadgu, Amanuel, Desta, Abraham Aregay, Kahsay, Amlsha, Negash, Letemichael, Hailu, Genet Gebrehiwet, Wasihun, Araya Gebreyesus
Format: Article
Language:English
Subjects:
Ampicillin
Antibiotics
Antimicrobial agents
Biology and Life Sciences
Birth weight
Bivariate analysis
Ceftazidime
Ceftriaxone
Childrens health
Citrobacter
Data collection
Developing countries
Diagnosis
Drug resistance
Drug therapy
E coli
Emergency medical services
Erythromycin
Etiology
Gentamicin
Health sciences
Hospitals
Immunology
Intensive care
Klebsiella
Laboratories
LDCs
Low birth weight
Management
Medical research
Medicine and Health Sciences
Methicillin
Microbiology
Mortality
Neonatal diseases
Neonatal intensive care units
Neonates
Newborn babies
Public health
Regression analysis
Sensitivity analysis
Sepsis
Septicemia
Species
Staphylococcus aureus
Subcultures
Testing
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Summary:Neonatal septicemia is a life threatening medical emergency that requires timely detection of pathogens with urgent rational antibiotics therapy. A cross-sectional study was conducted between March 2017 to September 2018 among 317 septicemia suspected neonates at neonatal intensive care unit, Ayder Comprehensive Specialized Hospital, Mekelle, Tigray, North Ethiopia. A 3 mL of blood was collected from each participant. Identification of bacterial species was done using the standard microbiological techniques. Antibiotic sensitivity test was done using disk diffusion method. Data were entered and analyzed using computer software SPSS version 22. Bivariate and multivariate regression analysis was applied to determine the association between variables. Of the 317 (190 male and 127 female) neonates, 116 (36.6%) were found to be with culture proven septicemia. Klebsiella species were the predominant etiologic agents. Length of hospital stay (AOR (adjusted odds ratio) = 3.65 (2.17-6.13), p < 0.001) and low birth weight (AOR = 1.64 (1.13-2.78), p = 0.04) were the factors associated with neonatalsepticemia. Most isolates showeda frightening drug resistance rate to the commonly used antimicrobial drugs. K. pneumoniae, E. coli, Enterobacter and Citrobacter species were 57% to100% resistant to ceftazidime, ceftriaxone, gentamycin, amoxacillin-clavulunic acid and ampicillin. All, 9 (100%) isolates of S. aureus were resistant to oxacilline, ampicillin,erythromycin and gentamycin. Furthermore, 55.6% S. aureus isolates were Methicillin Resistant Staphylococcus aureus. Neonaltal septicemia is found to be significantly high in the present study. As most of the isolates are potentially related to hospital acquired infections, prevention and control policy should have to be more strengthening in the neonatal intensive care unit.
ISSN:1932-6203
1932-6203
DOI:10.1371/journal.pone.0235391