Distribution of ascariasis, trichuriasis and hookworm infections in Ogun State, Southwestern Nigeria

Ascariasis, Trichuriasis and Hookworm infections poses a considerable public health burden in Sub-Saharan Africa, and a sound understanding of their spatial distribution facilitates to better target control interventions. This study, therefore, assessed the prevalence of the trio, and mapped their s...

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Bibliographic Details
Published in:PloS one 2020-06, Vol.15 (6), p.e0233423
Main Authors: Mogaji, Hammed Oladeji, Dedeke, Gabriel Adewunmi, Bada, Babatunde Saheed, Bankole, Samuel, Adeniji, Adejuwon, Fagbenro, Mariam Tobi, Omitola, Olaitan Olamide, Oluwole, Akinola Stephen, Odoemene, Nnayere Simon, Abe, Eniola Micheal, Mafiana, Chiedu Felix, Ekpo, Uwem Friday
Format: Article
Language:English
Subjects:
Adolescent
Adult
Aged
Aged, 80 and over
Ancylostomatoidea - parasitology
Animals
Ascariasis
Ascariasis - epidemiology
Ascaris - parasitology
Biology and Life Sciences
Child
Child, Preschool
Community
Computer programs
Distribution
Epidemiology
Family Characteristics
Feces - parasitology
Female
Health aspects
Hookworm disease
Hookworm Infections - epidemiology
Households
Humans
Infant
Infections
Local government
Male
Medicine and Health Sciences
Methods
Middle Aged
Nigeria - epidemiology
Parasites
Parasitic diseases
People and Places
Prevalence
Prevalence studies (Epidemiology)
Public health
Public health movements
Roundworm infections
Rural Population
Sanitation
Software
Soil - parasitology
Spatial distribution
Statistics
Studies
Trichuriasis - epidemiology
Trichuris - parasitology
Visualization (Computer)
Zoology
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Description
Summary:Ascariasis, Trichuriasis and Hookworm infections poses a considerable public health burden in Sub-Saharan Africa, and a sound understanding of their spatial distribution facilitates to better target control interventions. This study, therefore, assessed the prevalence of the trio, and mapped their spatial distribution in the 20 administrative regions of Ogun State, Nigeria. Parasitological surveys were carried out in 1,499 households across 33 spatially selected communities. Fresh stool samples were collected from 1,027 consenting participants and processed using ether concentration method. The locations of the communities were georeferenced using a GPS device while demographic data were obtained using a standardized form. Data were analysed using SPSS software and visualizations and plotting maps were made in ArcGIS software. Findings showed that 19 of the 20 regions were endemic for one or more kind of the three infections, with an aggregated prevalence of 17.2%. Ascariasis was the most frequently observed parasitic infection in 28 communities with a prevalence of 13.6%, followed by hookworm infections with a prevalence of 4.6% while Trichuriasis was the least encountered with a prevalence of 1.7%. The spatial distribution of infections ranges between 5.3-49.2% across the regions. The highest and lowest distribution of overall helminth infections was recorded in Egbado South and Egbado North respectively. Nine regions had infection status between 20.0%-49.2%, while 10 regions had infection status between 5.3%-15.8%. This study provides epidemiological data on the prevalence and spatial distribution of ascariasis, trichuriasis and hookworm infections which will add to the baseline data and guide the public health officers in providing appropriate control strategies in the endemic communities.
ISSN:1932-6203
1932-6203
DOI:10.1371/journal.pone.0233423