The effect of HIV status on the frequency and severity of acute respiratory illness

Antiretroviral therapy has improved the health of people living with HIV (PLW-HIV), though less is known about how this impacts on acute respiratory illness. These illnesses are a common cause of ill health in the general population and any increase in their frequency or severity in PLW-HIV might ha...

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Bibliographic Details
Published in:PloS one 2020-05, Vol.15 (5), p.e0232977
Main Authors: Brown, James, Pickett, Elisha, Smith, Colette, Sachikonye, Memory, Brooks, Lucy, Mahungu, Tabitha, Lowe, David M, Madge, Sara, Youle, Mike, Johnson, Margaret, Hurst, John R, McHugh, Timothy D, Abubakar, Ibrahim, Lipman, Marc
Format: Article
Language:English
Subjects:
Acquired immune deficiency syndrome
Adult
Age
AIDS
Anti-HIV Agents - therapeutic use
Antiretroviral agents
Antiretroviral drugs
Antiretroviral therapy
Background levels
Baseline studies
Biology and Life Sciences
Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease
Cohort Studies
Complications and side effects
Documentation
Drug therapy
Epidemiology
Female
Health aspects
Health care
HIV
HIV infections
HIV Infections - complications
HIV Infections - drug therapy
HIV Seronegativity
HIV Seropositivity - complications
Human immunodeficiency virus
Humans
Illnesses
Incidence
Infections
Influenza
London - epidemiology
Male
Medicine and Health Sciences
Middle Aged
Pathogens
Patient Acceptance of Health Care
Pneumonia
Population
Primary care
Prospective Studies
Quality of Life
Questionnaires
Research and Analysis Methods
Respiratory diseases
Respiratory tract diseases
Respiratory Tract Infections - complications
Respiratory Tract Infections - epidemiology
Respiratory Tract Infections - microbiology
Risk factors
Severity of Illness Index
Signs and symptoms
Smoking
Social Sciences
Supervision
Therapy
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Summary:Antiretroviral therapy has improved the health of people living with HIV (PLW-HIV), though less is known about how this impacts on acute respiratory illness. These illnesses are a common cause of ill health in the general population and any increase in their frequency or severity in PLW-HIV might have significant implications for health-related quality of life and the development of chronic respiratory disease. In a prospective observational cohort study following PLW-HIV and HIV negative participants for 12 months with weekly documentation of any acute respiratory illness, we compared the frequency, severity and healthcare use associated with acute respiratory illnesses to determine whether PLW-HIV continue to have a greater frequency or severity of such illnesses despite antiretroviral therapy. We followed-up 136 HIV positive and 73 HIV negative participants for 12 months with weekly documentation of any new respiratory symptoms. We found that HIV status did not affect the frequency of acute respiratory illness: unadjusted incidence rates per person year of follow-up were 2.08 illnesses (95% CI 1.81-2.38) and 2.30 illnesses (1.94-2.70) in HIV positive and negative participants respectively, IRR 0.87 (0.70-1.07) p = 0.18. However, when acute respiratory illnesses occurred, PLW-HIV reported more severe symptoms (relative fold-change in symptom score 1.61 (1.28-2.02), p
ISSN:1932-6203
1932-6203
DOI:10.1371/journal.pone.0232977