Five facts about Giardia lamblia

About the Authors: Lenka Cernikova Affiliation: Laboratory of Molecular Parasitology, Institute of Parasitology, University of Zurich (ZH), Zurich, Switzerland Carmen Faso Affiliation: Laboratory of Molecular Parasitology, Institute of Parasitology, University of Zurich (ZH), Zurich, Switzerland ORC...

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Published in:PLoS pathogens 2018-09, Vol.14 (9), p.e1007250-e1007250
Main Authors: Cernikova, Lenka, Faso, Carmen, Hehl, Adrian B
Format: Article
Language:English
Subjects:
Benzimidazoles
Biology and Life Sciences
Complications and side effects
Cryptosporidium
Cryptosporidium parvum
Cysts
Density
Diarrhea
Disease
Endoplasmic reticulum
Epidemiology
Giardia
Giardia lamblia
Giardiasis
Immunization
Infections
Infectious diseases
Laboratories
Life cycles
Low density lipoprotein
Medicine and Health Sciences
Nitroimidazole
Parasitology
Pearls
Protozoa
R&D
Receptor density
Research & development
Risk factors
Rotavirus
Small intestine
Transmission electron microscopes
Transmission electron microscopy
Vaccination
Vectors
Zoonoses
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Summary:About the Authors: Lenka Cernikova Affiliation: Laboratory of Molecular Parasitology, Institute of Parasitology, University of Zurich (ZH), Zurich, Switzerland Carmen Faso Affiliation: Laboratory of Molecular Parasitology, Institute of Parasitology, University of Zurich (ZH), Zurich, Switzerland ORCID logo http://orcid.org/0000-0002-1831-9365 Adrian B. Hehl * E-mail: adrian.hehl@uzh.ch Affiliation: Laboratory of Molecular Parasitology, Institute of Parasitology, University of Zurich (ZH), Zurich, Switzerland ORCID logo http://orcid.org/0000-0002-2110-4445 Citation: Cernikova L, Faso C, Hehl AB (2018) Five facts about Giardia lamblia. Based on the latest figures provided by WHO, G. lamblia is the third most common agent of diarrheal disease worldwide with over 300 million reported cases per annum, preceded only by rotavirus and Cryptosporidium parvum and hominis in the most vulnerable target group of children under five years of age [2]. ER, endoplasmic reticulum; GILRP, giardial putative low-density lipoprotein receptor; LDL, low-density lipoprotein; PM, plasma membrane; PV, peripheral vacuole; TEM, transmission electron microscopy; VSP, variant surface protein. https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.ppat.1007250.g001 Fact 4: G. lamblia survives in the environment as infectious cysts Completion of the life cycle by transmission of G. lamblia to a new host requires no vectors and is based on the alternation of a vegetative stage, the trophozoite, and an environmentally resistant infectious stage—the cyst. Novel rational design-based vaccination strategies against G. lamblia are yielding encouraging results Currently, treatment of giardiasis in humans is based almost exclusively on administration of antiprotozoals belonging to the family of 5-nitroimidazoles, whereas infected animals are treated with benzimidazoles.
ISSN:1553-7374
1553-7366
1553-7374
DOI:10.1371/journal.ppat.1007250