Maternal outcomes associated to psychological and physical intimate partner violence during pregnancy: A cohort study and multivariate analysis

Intimate partner violence (IPV) is a public health problem that affects millions of women worldwide and can occur during both pregnancy and the perinatal period. We aimed to evaluate if the experience of psychological and physical intimate partner violence (IPV) adversely affects pregnancy outcomes....

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Bibliographic Details
Published in:PloS one 2019-06, Vol.14 (6), p.e0218255-e0218255
Main Authors: Martin-de-Las-Heras, Stella, Velasco, Casilda, Luna-Del-Castillo, Juan de Dios, Khan, Khalid S
Format: Article
Language:English
Subjects:
Abuse
Adult
Aggression
Childrens health
Cohort analysis
Cohort Studies
Complications
Confidence intervals
Confidentiality
Conjugal violence
Crimes against
Criminal investigations
Cross-Sectional Studies
Data collection
Demographics
Domestic violence
Emotional abuse
Female
Gestational diabetes
Health aspects
Hospitals
Humans
Infections
Intimate partner violence
Intimate Partner Violence - psychology
Logistic Models
Medicine and Health Sciences
Midwifery
Midwives
Mothers
Multivariate Analysis
Murders & murder attempts
Obstetricians
Obstetrics
Odds Ratio
Pregnancy
Pregnancy complications
Pregnancy Outcome - psychology
Pregnant women
Prenatal Care
Psychological aspects
Public health
Public hospitals
Regression analysis
Sample size
Sex crimes
Social Sciences
Sociodemographics
Spain
Spanish language
Spouse Abuse - psychology
Statistical analysis
Studies
Ultrasound
Urinary tract
Urinary tract infections
Vagina
Victimization
Violence
Womens health
Young Adult
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Summary:Intimate partner violence (IPV) is a public health problem that affects millions of women worldwide and can occur during both pregnancy and the perinatal period. We aimed to evaluate if the experience of psychological and physical intimate partner violence (IPV) adversely affects pregnancy outcomes. We established a cohort of 779 consecutive mothers receiving antenatal care including ultrasound and giving birth in 15 public hospitals, drawn using cluster sampling of all obstetric services in Andalusia, Spain (February-June 2010). Trained midwives gathered IPV data using the Index of Spouse Abuse validated in the Spanish language (score ranges: 0-100, higher scores reflect more severe IPV; cut-offs: physical IPV = 10, psychological IPV = 25). Socio-demographic data, including lack of kin support, maternal outcomes, and hospitalization were collected. Multivariate logistic regression estimated adjusted odds ratios (AOR), with 95% confidence intervals (CI), of the relationship between psychological and physical IPV and maternal outcomes, controlling for socio-demographic characteristics. Response rate was 92.2%. Psychological IPV, reported by 21.0% (n = 151), was associated significantly with urinary tract infection (127 (23%) vs 56 (37%); AOR = 1.9; 95%CI = 1.2-3.0), vaginal infection (30 (5%) vs 20 (13%); AOR = 2.4; 95%CI = 1.2-4.7) and spontaneous preterm labour (32 (6%) vs 19 (13%); AOR = 2.2; 95%CI = 1.1-4.5). Physical IPV, reported by 3.6% (n = 26), was associated with antenatal hospitalizations (134 (19%) vs 11 (42%); AOR = 2.6; 95%CI = 1.0-7.1). Lack of kin support was associated with spontaneous preterm labour (AOR = 4.7; 95%CI = 1.7-12.8). Mothers with IPV have higher odds of complications. Obstetricians, gynaecologists and midwives should act as active screeners, particularly of the undervalued psychological IPV, to reduce or remedy its effects.
ISSN:1932-6203
1932-6203
DOI:10.1371/journal.pone.0218255