Inducing incentive sensitization of exercise reinforcement among adults who do not regularly exercise-A randomized controlled trial

Increasing exercise reinforcement, or decreasing sedentary reinforcement, may reduce sedentary activity and promote habitual exercise. Repeated exposures to a reinforcer may increase its reinforcing value (i.e., incentive sensitization). It is not yet known whether incentive sensitization occurs for...

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Bibliographic Details
Published in:PloS one 2019-05, Vol.14 (5), p.e0216355-e0216355
Main Authors: Flack, Kyle D, Ufholz, Kelsey Elise, Johnson, LuAnn, Roemmich, James N
Format: Article
Language:English
Subjects:
Accelerometers
Addictive behaviors
Adolescent
Adult
Adults
Aerobics
Agricultural research
Behavior
Biology and Life Sciences
Clinical trials
Dependent variables
Discomfort
Dopamine
Drug abuse
Drug dosages
Exercise
Exercise intensity
Exposure
Female
Fitness training programs
Health aspects
Humans
Male
Medicine and Health Sciences
Men
Middle Aged
Motivation
Nutrition research
Physical Endurance
Physical fitness
Physical Sciences
Physiology
Psychological aspects
Randomization
Reinforcement
Reinforcement, Psychology
Sedentary Behavior
Social Sciences
Training
Womens health
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Summary:Increasing exercise reinforcement, or decreasing sedentary reinforcement, may reduce sedentary activity and promote habitual exercise. Repeated exposures to a reinforcer may increase its reinforcing value (i.e., incentive sensitization). It is not yet known whether incentive sensitization occurs for exercise or factors associated with incentive sensitization for exercise reinforcement. The purpose was to determine whether exercise exposures increase exercise reinforcement relative to a sedentary alternative and whether this sensitization of exercise reinforcement would alter physical or sedentary behavior. This work also determined whether exercise dose, intensity, and preference and tolerance for exercise intensity were associated with incentive sensitization of exercise. 104 sedentary men and women were randomized to exercise training groups with 89 completing the study. Groups included exercise exposures of 150 (n = 35) or 300 kcal/session (n = 34), 3 sessions/week for 6 weeks, or a non-exercise control group (n = 35). Assessments for exercise and sedentary behavior reinforcement (primary dependent variables) and activity and tolerance for exercise intensity were performed at baseline (week 0), post training (week 6), and post washout (week 10). The control group reduced (P = 0.022) relative reinforcing value of exercise, such that the 150 kcal group had a greater relative reinforcing value of exercise after the exercise treatment 150 kcal: 0.69 ± 0.07 to 0.74 ± 0.07; 300 kcal: 0.72 ± 0.07 to 0.63 ± 0.08, control: 0.72 ± 0.07 to 0.57 ± 0.08 mean ± SE. Increases in tolerance for exercise intensity discomfort were associated with increases in relative reinforcing value of exercise. Sedentary behavior reinforcement decreased in both exercise groups (150 kcal: 5.4 ± 4.3 to 1.8 ± 1.3; 300 kcal: 5.4 ± 4.3 to 3.1 ± 2.4, P0.05). Sedentary activity decreased baseline to post-training in the 300 kcal group (546.5 ± 10.7 to 503.8 ± 11.8 minutes, P
ISSN:1932-6203
1932-6203
DOI:10.1371/JOURNAL.PONE.0216355