Antimicrobial activity of bovine NK-lysin-derived peptides on Mycoplasma bovis

Antimicrobial peptides (AMPs) are a diverse group of molecules which play an important role in the innate immune response. Bovine NK-lysins, a type of AMP, have been predominantly found in the granules of cytotoxic T-lymphocytes and NK-cells. Bovine NK-lysin-derived peptides demonstrate antimicrobia...

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Bibliographic Details
Published in:PloS one 2018-05, Vol.13 (5), p.e0197677-e0197677
Main Authors: Dassanayake, Rohana P, Falkenberg, Shollie M, Register, Karen B, Samorodnitsky, Daniel, Nicholson, Eric M, Reinhardt, Timothy A
Format: Article
Language:English
Subjects:
Agriculture
Animal diseases
Animals
Anti-Bacterial Agents - chemical synthesis
Anti-Bacterial Agents - chemistry
Anti-Bacterial Agents - pharmacology
Antiinfectives and antibacterials
Antimicrobial activity
Antimicrobial agents
Antimicrobial peptides
Arthritis
Bacteria
Biochemistry
Biology and Life Sciences
Bovidae
Bovine Respiratory Disease Complex - drug therapy
Bovine Respiratory Disease Complex - microbiology
Cattle
Cell Membrane - drug effects
Cell Polarity - drug effects
Confocal microscopy
Cytotoxicity
Depolarization
Electron microscopy
Flow cytometry
Gene expression
Genetic aspects
Helices
Immune response
Immune system
Immunology
Innate immunity
Iodides
Lethality
Lipids
Lymphocytes
Lymphocytes T
Lysins
Mammals
Medicine and Health Sciences
Membrane potential
Membranes
Microbial Viability - drug effects
Molecular chains
Mycoplasma
Mycoplasma bovis
Mycoplasma bovis - drug effects
Mycoplasma bovis - isolation & purification
Mycoplasma Infections - drug therapy
Mycoplasma Infections - microbiology
Mycoplasma pneumoniae
Natural killer cells
Peptides
Peptides - chemical synthesis
Peptides - chemistry
Peptides - pharmacology
Physiological aspects
Pneumonia
Propidium iodide
Protein Structure, Secondary
Proteolipids - chemistry
Research and Analysis Methods
Respiratory diseases
Structural damage
Synthetic peptides
Transmission electron microscopy
Viral infections
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Summary:Antimicrobial peptides (AMPs) are a diverse group of molecules which play an important role in the innate immune response. Bovine NK-lysins, a type of AMP, have been predominantly found in the granules of cytotoxic T-lymphocytes and NK-cells. Bovine NK-lysin-derived peptides demonstrate antimicrobial activity against various bacterial pathogens, including several involved in bovine respiratory disease complex (BRDC) in cattle; however, such studies are yet to be performed with one important contributor to the BRDC, Mycoplasma bovis. Therefore, the goal of this study was to assess the antimicrobial activity of bovine NK-lysin-derived peptides on M. bovis. Thirty-mer synthetic peptides corresponding to the functional region helices 2 and 3 of bovine NK-lysins NK1, NK2A, NK2B, and NK2C were evaluated for killing activity on M. bovis isolates. Among four peptides, NK2A and NK2C showed the highest antimicrobial activity against the M. bovis isolates tested. All four NK-lysin peptides induced rapid plasma membrane depolarization in M. bovis at two concentrations tested. However, based on propidium iodide uptake, only NK2A and NK2C appeared capable of causing structural damage to M. bovis plasma membrane. Confocal microscopy, flow cytometry, and transmission electron microscopy further suggested NK-lysin-induced damage to the plasma membrane. Taken together, the findings in this study suggest that plasma membrane depolarization alone was insufficient to induce lethality, but disruption/permeabilization of the M. bovis plasma membrane was the cause of lethality.
ISSN:1932-6203
1932-6203
DOI:10.1371/journal.pone.0197677