Effects of collagen matrix and bioreactor cultivation on cartilage regeneration of a full-thickness critical-size knee joint cartilage defects with subchondral bone damage in a rabbit model

Cartilage has limited self-repair ability. The purpose of this study was to investigate the effects of different species of collagen-engineered neocartilage for the treatment of critical-size defects in the articular joint in a rabbit model. Type II and I collagen obtained from rabbits and rats was...

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Bibliographic Details
Published in:PloS one 2018-05, Vol.13 (5), p.e0196779-e0196779
Main Authors: Wang, Kuo-Hwa, Wan, Richard, Chiu, Li-Hsuan, Tsai, Yu-Hui, Fang, Chia-Lang, Bowley, John F, Chen, Kuan-Chou, Shih, Hsin-Nung, Lai, Wen-Fu Thomas
Format: Article
Language:English
Subjects:
Alcohol
Biology and Life Sciences
Biomaterials
Biomedical materials
Bioreactors
Bone (subchondral)
Bone surgery
Care and treatment
Cartilage
Cell culture
Chondrocytes
Clinical medicine
Collagen
Collagen (type II)
Collagens
Cultivation
Defects
Development and progression
Extracellular matrix
Innovations
Integration
Knee
Mechanical properties
Medicine
Medicine and Health Sciences
Methods
Musculoskeletal abnormalities
Physiological aspects
Plugs
Rabbits
Regeneration
Repair
Research and Analysis Methods
Scaffolds
Stem cells
Subchondral bone
Tissue engineering
Transplants & implants
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Summary:Cartilage has limited self-repair ability. The purpose of this study was to investigate the effects of different species of collagen-engineered neocartilage for the treatment of critical-size defects in the articular joint in a rabbit model. Type II and I collagen obtained from rabbits and rats was mixed to form a scaffold. The type II/I collagen scaffold was then mixed with rabbit chondrocytes to biofabricate neocartilage constructs using a rotating cell culture system [three-dimensional (3D)-bioreactor]. The rabbit chondrocytes were mixed with rabbit collagen scaffold and rat collagen scaffold to form neoRBT (neo-rabbit cartilage) and neoRAT (neo-rat cartilage) constructs, respectively. The neocartilage matrix constructs were implanted into surgically created defects in rabbit knee chondyles, and histological examinations were performed after 2 and 3 months. Cartilage-like lacunae formation surrounding the chondrocytes was noted in the cell cultures. After 3 months, both the neoRBT and neoRAT groups showed cartilage-like repair tissue covering the 5-mm circular, 4-mm-deep defects that were created in the rabbit condyle and filled with neocartilage plugs. Reparative chondrocytes were aligned as apparent clusters in both the neoRAT and neoRBT groups. Both neoRBT and neoRAT cartilage repair demonstrated integration with healthy adjacent tissue; however, more integration was obtained using the neoRAT cartilage. Our data indicate that different species of type II/I collagen matrix and 3D bioreactor cultivation can facilitate cartilage engineering in vitro for the repair of critical-size defect.
ISSN:1932-6203
1932-6203
DOI:10.1371/journal.pone.0196779