Stress Marker Signatures in Lesion Mimic Single and Double Mutants Identify a Crucial Leaf Age-Dependent Salicylic Acid Related Defense Signal

Plants are exposed to abiotic and biotic stress conditions throughout their lifespans that activates various defense programs. Programmed cell death (PCD) is an extreme defense strategy the plant uses to manage unfavorable environments as well as during developmentally induced senescence. Here we in...

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Bibliographic Details
Published in:PloS one 2017-01, Vol.12 (1), p.e0170532-e0170532
Main Authors: Kaurilind, Eve, Brosché, Mikael
Format: Article
Language:English
Subjects:
Acids
Age
Aging - physiology
Apoptosis
Arabidopsis
Arabidopsis - genetics
Arabidopsis - physiology
Arabidopsis thaliana
Biology and Life Sciences
Biosynthesis
CAT2 gene
Cell death
Cell Death - genetics
Cell Death - physiology
Defense programs
Enzymes
Gene expression
Gene Expression Regulation, Plant - physiology
Genes
Genetic aspects
Genetic Markers - genetics
Hormones
Isochorismate synthase
Jasmonic acid
Leaves
Markers
Mortality
Mutants
Mutation - genetics
Mutation - physiology
Oxidative stress
Physiological aspects
Plant Growth Regulators - physiology
Plant Leaves - physiology
Plants (botany)
Proteins
Real-Time Polymerase Chain Reaction
Research and Analysis Methods
Salicylic acid
Salicylic Acid - metabolism
Senescence
Signaling
Signatures
Stress, Physiological - physiology
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Summary:Plants are exposed to abiotic and biotic stress conditions throughout their lifespans that activates various defense programs. Programmed cell death (PCD) is an extreme defense strategy the plant uses to manage unfavorable environments as well as during developmentally induced senescence. Here we investigated the role of leaf age on the regulation of defense gene expression in Arabidopsis thaliana. Two lesion mimic mutants with misregulated cell death, catalase2 (cat2) and defense no death1 (dnd1) were used together with several double mutants to dissect signaling pathways regulating defense gene expression associated with cell death and leaf age. PCD marker genes showed leaf age dependent expression, with the highest expression in old leaves. The salicylic acid (SA) biosynthesis mutant salicylic acid induction deficient2 (sid2) had reduced expression of PCD marker genes in the cat2 sid2 double mutant demonstrating the importance of SA biosynthesis in regulation of defense gene expression. While the auxin- and jasmonic acid (JA)- insensitive auxin resistant1 (axr1) double mutant cat2 axr1 also led to decreased expression of PCD markers; the expression of several marker genes for SA signaling (ISOCHORISMATE SYNTHASE 1, PR1 and PR2) were additionally decreased in cat2 axr1 compared to cat2. The reduced expression of these SA markers genes in cat2 axr1 implicates AXR1 as a regulator of SA signaling in addition to its known role in auxin and JA signaling. Overall, the current study reinforces the important role of SA signaling in regulation of leaf age-related transcript signatures.
ISSN:1932-6203
1932-6203
DOI:10.1371/journal.pone.0170532