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Dopamine Receptor Gene DRD4 7-Repeat Allele X Maternal Sensitivity Interaction on Child Externalizing Behavior Problems: Independent Replication of Effects at 18 Months
The DRD4 VNTR has been associated with child behavior problems in interaction with maternal insensitivity in European and American cohorts of preschoolers, with the 7-repeat (7R) allele associated with greater problems. We sought to replicate and expand these findings by examining effects on reports...
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description | The DRD4 VNTR has been associated with child behavior problems in interaction with maternal insensitivity in European and American cohorts of preschoolers, with the 7-repeat (7R) allele associated with greater problems. We sought to replicate and expand these findings by examining effects on reports of child behavior problems at 18 months. A 63 family sample with data for observed maternal sensitivity ratings, DRD4 VNTR genotype, and maternal report of child behavior problems at 18-months was used in this preliminary analysis. Maternal sensitivity was measured at 6-months of age using laboratory observational measures (free-play and a teaching task). Maternal report of toddler behavior was obtained at 18-months via the standard Child Behavior Checklist, and infant genotype on the DRD4 VNTR was obtained using PCR. Infants carrying the DRD4 7R allele showed greater effects of maternal insensitivity than non-carriers for behavioral problems at 18-months. We replicated previous findings of association of infant DRD4 x maternal sensitivity interactions with child Externalizing problems in the European-ancestry sample (N = 42) in a median split of maternal sensitivity (p = .00011, eta2 = .329) and in regression analyses controlling for maternal age, maternal depression, and child gender in European ancestry (B = -3.4, SE 1.33, p = .01) and the total sample (B = -2.2, SE 1.02, p = .02). Exploratory analyses also found evidence of DRD4 x maternal sensitivity interaction with the CBCL ADHD scale. These findings replicate in an independent cohort DRD4 x maternal insensitivity interaction effect on child externalizing behavior problems at 18 months, further supporting the role of the DRD4 genotype in differential sensitivity to parenting. |
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We sought to replicate and expand these findings by examining effects on reports of child behavior problems at 18 months. A 63 family sample with data for observed maternal sensitivity ratings, DRD4 VNTR genotype, and maternal report of child behavior problems at 18-months was used in this preliminary analysis. Maternal sensitivity was measured at 6-months of age using laboratory observational measures (free-play and a teaching task). Maternal report of toddler behavior was obtained at 18-months via the standard Child Behavior Checklist, and infant genotype on the DRD4 VNTR was obtained using PCR. Infants carrying the DRD4 7R allele showed greater effects of maternal insensitivity than non-carriers for behavioral problems at 18-months. We replicated previous findings of association of infant DRD4 x maternal sensitivity interactions with child Externalizing problems in the European-ancestry sample (N = 42) in a median split of maternal sensitivity (p = .00011, eta2 = .329) and in regression analyses controlling for maternal age, maternal depression, and child gender in European ancestry (B = -3.4, SE 1.33, p = .01) and the total sample (B = -2.2, SE 1.02, p = .02). Exploratory analyses also found evidence of DRD4 x maternal sensitivity interaction with the CBCL ADHD scale. These findings replicate in an independent cohort DRD4 x maternal insensitivity interaction effect on child externalizing behavior problems at 18 months, further supporting the role of the DRD4 genotype in differential sensitivity to parenting.</description><identifier>ISSN: 1932-6203</identifier><identifier>EISSN: 1932-6203</identifier><identifier>DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0160473</identifier><identifier>PMID: 27494520</identifier><language>eng</language><publisher>United States: Public Library of Science</publisher><subject>African Americans - genetics ; Age ; Alleles ; Attention deficit hyperactivity disorder ; Babies ; Behavior ; Behavior problems ; Biology and Life Sciences ; Child behavior ; Child Behavior Disorders - genetics ; Children & youth ; Cohort Studies ; Depression ; Dopamine ; Dopamine D4 receptors ; Dopamine receptors ; European Continental Ancestry Group - genetics ; Female ; Genetic aspects ; Genotypes ; Humans ; Infant ; Infants ; Longitudinal Studies ; Maternal behavior ; Maternal Behavior - psychology ; Medical screening ; Medicine and Health Sciences ; Mental depression ; Minisatellite Repeats ; Mother-Child Relations ; Mothers - psychology ; People and Places ; Physical Sciences ; Preschool children ; Psychiatry ; Receptors, Dopamine D4 - genetics ; Regression analysis ; Research and Analysis Methods ; Sensitivity ; Sensitivity analysis ; Studies</subject><ispartof>PloS one, 2016-08, Vol.11 (8), p.e0160473-e0160473</ispartof><rights>COPYRIGHT 2016 Public Library of Science</rights><rights>2016 King et al. This is an open access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License: http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ (the “License”), which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original author and source are credited. 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These findings replicate in an independent cohort DRD4 x maternal insensitivity interaction effect on child externalizing behavior problems at 18 months, further supporting the role of the DRD4 genotype in differential sensitivity to parenting.</description><subject>African Americans - genetics</subject><subject>Age</subject><subject>Alleles</subject><subject>Attention deficit hyperactivity disorder</subject><subject>Babies</subject><subject>Behavior</subject><subject>Behavior problems</subject><subject>Biology and Life Sciences</subject><subject>Child behavior</subject><subject>Child Behavior Disorders - genetics</subject><subject>Children & youth</subject><subject>Cohort Studies</subject><subject>Depression</subject><subject>Dopamine</subject><subject>Dopamine D4 receptors</subject><subject>Dopamine receptors</subject><subject>European Continental Ancestry Group - genetics</subject><subject>Female</subject><subject>Genetic aspects</subject><subject>Genotypes</subject><subject>Humans</subject><subject>Infant</subject><subject>Infants</subject><subject>Longitudinal Studies</subject><subject>Maternal behavior</subject><subject>Maternal Behavior - 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Academic</collection><collection>PubMed Central (Full Participant titles)</collection><collection>Open Access: DOAJ - Directory of Open Access Journals</collection><jtitle>PloS one</jtitle></facets><delivery><delcategory>Remote Search Resource</delcategory><fulltext>fulltext</fulltext></delivery><addata><au>King, Anthony P</au><au>Muzik, Maria</au><au>Hamilton, Lindsay</au><au>Taylor, Alexander B</au><au>Rosenblum, Katherine L</au><au>Liberzon, Israel</au><format>journal</format><genre>article</genre><ristype>JOUR</ristype><atitle>Dopamine Receptor Gene DRD4 7-Repeat Allele X Maternal Sensitivity Interaction on Child Externalizing Behavior Problems: Independent Replication of Effects at 18 Months</atitle><jtitle>PloS one</jtitle><addtitle>PLoS One</addtitle><date>2016-08-05</date><risdate>2016</risdate><volume>11</volume><issue>8</issue><spage>e0160473</spage><epage>e0160473</epage><pages>e0160473-e0160473</pages><issn>1932-6203</issn><eissn>1932-6203</eissn><notes>ObjectType-Article-1</notes><notes>SourceType-Scholarly Journals-1</notes><notes>ObjectType-Feature-2</notes><notes>content type line 23</notes><notes>Competing Interests: The authors have declared that no competing interests exist.</notes><notes>Conceived and designed the experiments: AK MM KR LH IL.Performed the experiments: AK AT.Analyzed the data: AK MM LH KR.Contributed reagents/materials/analysis tools: AK MM IL.Wrote the paper: AK MM LH KR IL.</notes><notes>These authors are co-first authors on this work.</notes><abstract>The DRD4 VNTR has been associated with child behavior problems in interaction with maternal insensitivity in European and American cohorts of preschoolers, with the 7-repeat (7R) allele associated with greater problems. We sought to replicate and expand these findings by examining effects on reports of child behavior problems at 18 months. A 63 family sample with data for observed maternal sensitivity ratings, DRD4 VNTR genotype, and maternal report of child behavior problems at 18-months was used in this preliminary analysis. Maternal sensitivity was measured at 6-months of age using laboratory observational measures (free-play and a teaching task). Maternal report of toddler behavior was obtained at 18-months via the standard Child Behavior Checklist, and infant genotype on the DRD4 VNTR was obtained using PCR. Infants carrying the DRD4 7R allele showed greater effects of maternal insensitivity than non-carriers for behavioral problems at 18-months. We replicated previous findings of association of infant DRD4 x maternal sensitivity interactions with child Externalizing problems in the European-ancestry sample (N = 42) in a median split of maternal sensitivity (p = .00011, eta2 = .329) and in regression analyses controlling for maternal age, maternal depression, and child gender in European ancestry (B = -3.4, SE 1.33, p = .01) and the total sample (B = -2.2, SE 1.02, p = .02). Exploratory analyses also found evidence of DRD4 x maternal sensitivity interaction with the CBCL ADHD scale. These findings replicate in an independent cohort DRD4 x maternal insensitivity interaction effect on child externalizing behavior problems at 18 months, further supporting the role of the DRD4 genotype in differential sensitivity to parenting.</abstract><cop>United States</cop><pub>Public Library of Science</pub><pmid>27494520</pmid><doi>10.1371/journal.pone.0160473</doi><tpages>e0160473</tpages><oa>free_for_read</oa></addata></record> |
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subjects | African Americans - genetics Age Alleles Attention deficit hyperactivity disorder Babies Behavior Behavior problems Biology and Life Sciences Child behavior Child Behavior Disorders - genetics Children & youth Cohort Studies Depression Dopamine Dopamine D4 receptors Dopamine receptors European Continental Ancestry Group - genetics Female Genetic aspects Genotypes Humans Infant Infants Longitudinal Studies Maternal behavior Maternal Behavior - psychology Medical screening Medicine and Health Sciences Mental depression Minisatellite Repeats Mother-Child Relations Mothers - psychology People and Places Physical Sciences Preschool children Psychiatry Receptors, Dopamine D4 - genetics Regression analysis Research and Analysis Methods Sensitivity Sensitivity analysis Studies |
title | Dopamine Receptor Gene DRD4 7-Repeat Allele X Maternal Sensitivity Interaction on Child Externalizing Behavior Problems: Independent Replication of Effects at 18 Months |
url | http://sfxeu10.hosted.exlibrisgroup.com/loughborough?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&ctx_tim=2024-11-02T20%3A15%3A16IST&url_ver=Z39.88-2004&url_ctx_fmt=infofi/fmt:kev:mtx:ctx&rfr_id=info:sid/primo.exlibrisgroup.com:primo3-Article-gale_plos_&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.atitle=Dopamine%20Receptor%20Gene%20DRD4%207-Repeat%20Allele%20X%20Maternal%20Sensitivity%20Interaction%20on%20Child%20Externalizing%20Behavior%20Problems:%20Independent%20Replication%20of%20Effects%20at%2018%20Months&rft.jtitle=PloS%20one&rft.au=King,%20Anthony%20P&rft.date=2016-08-05&rft.volume=11&rft.issue=8&rft.spage=e0160473&rft.epage=e0160473&rft.pages=e0160473-e0160473&rft.issn=1932-6203&rft.eissn=1932-6203&rft_id=info:doi/10.1371/journal.pone.0160473&rft_dat=%3Cgale_plos_%3EA460030519%3C/gale_plos_%3E%3Cgrp_id%3Ecdi_FETCH-LOGICAL-c725t-ad0e2ea0b477fe51186c09bf06429bbcf038403288f9963b97d001bad192844d3%3C/grp_id%3E%3Coa%3E%3C/oa%3E%3Curl%3E%3C/url%3E&rft_id=info:oai/&rft_pqid=1812517477&rft_id=info:pmid/27494520&rft_galeid=A460030519&rfr_iscdi=true |