Psychophysical Evaluation of Congenital Colour Vision Deficiency: Discrimination between Protans and Deutans Using Mollon-Reffin's Ellipses and the Farnsworth-Munsell 100-Hue Test

We have used the Farnsworth-Munsell 100-hue (FM 100) test and Mollon-Reffin (MR) test to evaluate the colour vision of 93 subjects, 30.4 ± 9.7 years old, who had red-green congenital colour vision deficiencies. All subjects lived in Belém (State of Pará, Brazil) and were selected by the State of Par...

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Bibliographic Details
Published in:PloS one 2016-04, Vol.11 (4), p.e0152214-e0152214
Main Authors: Bento-Torres, Natáli Valim Oliver, Rodrigues, Anderson Raiol, Côrtes, Maria Izabel Tentes, Bonci, Daniela Maria de Oliveira, Ventura, Dora Fix, Silveira, Luiz Carlos de Lima
Format: Article
Language:English
Subjects:
Adolescent
Adult
Analysis
Animal behavior
Biology and Life Sciences
Brazil
Care and treatment
Cluster analysis
Color
Color blindness
Color vision
Color Vision - physiology
Color Vision Defects - physiopathology
Data processing
Diagnosis
Ellipses
Ethics
Evaluation
Female
Genetic disorders
Humans
Male
Medical screening
Medicine and Health Sciences
Middle Aged
Physical Sciences
Psychophysics
Psychophysics - methods
Quantitative analysis
Research and Analysis Methods
Social Sciences
Statistical analysis
Studies
Vision
Vision disorders
Visual discrimination
Visual system
Young Adult
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Summary:We have used the Farnsworth-Munsell 100-hue (FM 100) test and Mollon-Reffin (MR) test to evaluate the colour vision of 93 subjects, 30.4 ± 9.7 years old, who had red-green congenital colour vision deficiencies. All subjects lived in Belém (State of Pará, Brazil) and were selected by the State of Pará Traffic Department. Selection criteria comprised the absence of visual dysfunctions other than Daltonism and no history of systemic diseases that could impair the visual system performance. Results from colour vision deficient were compared with those from 127 normal trichromats, 29.3 ± 10.3 years old. For the MR test, measurements were taken around five points of the CIE 1976 colour space, along 20 directions irradiating from each point, in order to determine with high-resolution the corresponding colour discrimination ellipses (MacAdam ellipses). Three parameters were used to compare results obtained from different subjects: diameter of circle with same ellipse area, ratio between ellipse's long and short axes, and ellipse long axis angle. For the FM 100 test, the parameters were: logarithm of the total number of mistakes and positions of mistakes in the FM diagram. Data were also simultaneously analysed in two or three dimensions as well as by using multidimensional cluster analysis. For the MR test, Mollon-Reffin Ellipse #3 (u' = 0.225, v' = 0.415) discriminated more efficiently than the other four ellipses between protans and deutans once it provided larger angular difference in the colour space between protan and deutan confusion lines. The MR test was more sensitive than the FM 100 test. It separated individuals by dysfunctional groups with greater precision, provided a more sophisticated quantitative analysis, and its use is appropriate for a more refined evaluation of different phenotypes of red-green colour vision deficiencies.
ISSN:1932-6203
1932-6203
DOI:10.1371/journal.pone.0152214