Canola Oil in Lactating Dairy Cow Diets Reduces Milk Saturated Fatty Acids and Improves Its Omega-3 and Oleic Fatty Acid Content

To produce milk that is healthier for human consumption, the present study evaluated the effect of including canola oil in the diet of dairy cows on milk production and composition as well as the nutritional quality of this milk fat. Eighteen Holstein cows with an average daily milk yield of 22 (± 4...

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Bibliographic Details
Published in:PloS one 2016-03, Vol.11 (3), p.e0151876-e0151876
Main Authors: Welter, Katiéli Caroline, Martins, Cristian Marlon de Magalhães Rodrigues, de Palma, André Soligo Vizeu, Martins, Mellory Martinson, Dos Reis, Bárbara Roqueto, Schmidt, Bárbara Laís Unglaube, Saran Netto, Arlindo
Format: Article
Language:English
Subjects:
Animal sciences
Animals
Arrays
Biology and Life Sciences
Canola
Canola oil
Cardiovascular disease
Cattle
Cattle feed
Chains
Cow's milk
Dairy cattle
Dairying
Diet
Dry matter
Drying oils
Engineering
Fatty acids
Fatty Acids, Monounsaturated - administration & dosage
Fatty Acids, Omega-3 - metabolism
Female
Food
Health aspects
Holstein Friesian cattle
Humans
Lactation
Lactation - drug effects
Lipids
Medicine and Health Sciences
Milk
Milk - chemistry
Milk production
Nutrition research
Nutritional aspects
Oils & fats
Oleic acid
Oleic Acids - metabolism
Omega 6 fatty acids
Physical Sciences
Properties
Rapeseed Oil
Saturated fatty acids
Statistical analysis
Studies
Vegetable oils
Veterinary medicine
Zoology
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Summary:To produce milk that is healthier for human consumption, the present study evaluated the effect of including canola oil in the diet of dairy cows on milk production and composition as well as the nutritional quality of this milk fat. Eighteen Holstein cows with an average daily milk yield of 22 (± 4) kg/d in the middle stage of lactation were used. The cows were distributed in 6 contemporary 3x3 Latin squares consisting of 3 periods and 3 treatments: control diet (without oil), 3% inclusion of canola oil in the diet and 6% inclusion of canola oil in the diet (dry matter basis). The inclusion of 6% canola oil in the diet of lactating cows linearly reduced the milk yield by 2.51 kg/d, short-chain fatty acids (FA) by 41.42%, medium chain FA by 27.32%, saturated FA by 20.24%, saturated/unsaturated FA ratio by 39.20%, omega-6/omega-3 ratio by 39.45%, and atherogenicity index by 48.36% compared with the control treatment. Moreover, with the 6% inclusion of canola oil in the diet of cows, there was an increase in the concentration of long chain FA by 45.91%, unsaturated FA by 34.08%, monounsaturated FA by 40.37%, polyunsaturated FA by 17.88%, milk concentration of omega-3 by 115%, rumenic acid (CLA) by 16.50%, oleic acid by 44.87% and h/H milk index by 94.44% compared with the control treatment. Thus, the inclusion of canola oil in the diet of lactating dairy cows makes the milk fatty acid profile nutritionally healthier for the human diet; however, the lactating performance of dairy cows is reduce.
ISSN:1932-6203
1932-6203
DOI:10.1371/journal.pone.0151876