Identification of Fungus Resistant Wild Accessions and Interspecific Hybrids of the Genus Arachis

Peanut, Arachis hypogaea L., is a protein-rich species consumed worldwide. A key improvement to peanut culture involves the development of cultivars that resist fungal diseases such as rust, leaf spot and scab. Over three years, we evaluated fungal resistance under field conditions of 43 wild access...

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Bibliographic Details
Published in:PloS one 2015-06, Vol.10 (6), p.e0128811-e0128811
Main Authors: Michelotto, Marcos Doniseti, Barioni, Jr, Waldomiro, de Resende, Marcos Deon Vilela, de Godoy, Ignácio José, Leonardecz, Eduardo, Fávero, Alessandra Pereira
Format: Article
Language:English
Subjects:
Arachis
Arachis - classification
Arachis - genetics
Arachis - microbiology
Arachis hypogaea
Bioassays
Cercospora arachidicola
Cercosporidium personatum
Chimera
Cultivars
Disease Resistance - genetics
Evolution
Fungal diseases
Fungi
Genomes
Genotype
Genotypes
Germplasm
Hybridization, Genetic
Hybrids
Interspecific
Laboratories
Leafspot
Leguminosae
Peanuts
Phylogeny
Plant Diseases - genetics
Plant Diseases - microbiology
Principal components analysis
Puccinia
Rust fungi
Scab
Seeds
Sphaceloma
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Summary:Peanut, Arachis hypogaea L., is a protein-rich species consumed worldwide. A key improvement to peanut culture involves the development of cultivars that resist fungal diseases such as rust, leaf spot and scab. Over three years, we evaluated fungal resistance under field conditions of 43 wild accessions and three interspecific hybrids of the genus Arachis, as well as six A. hypogaea genotypes. In the first year, we evaluated resistance to early and late leaf spot, rust and scab. In the second and third years, we evaluated the 18 wild species with the best resistance scores and control cultivar IAC Caiapó for resistance to leaf spot and rust. All wild accessions displayed greater resistance than A. hypogaea but differed in their degree of resistance, even within the same species. We found accessions with as good as or better resistance than A. cardenasii, including: A. stenosperma (V15076 and Sv 3712), A. kuhlmannii (V 6413), A. kempff-mercadoi (V 13250), A. hoehnei (KG 30006), and A. helodes (V 6325). Amphidiploids and hybrids of A. hypogaea behaved similarly to wild species. An additional four accessions deserve further evaluation: A. magna (V 13751 and KG 30097) and A. gregoryi (V 14767 and V 14957). Although they did not display as strong resistance as the accessions cited above, they belong to the B genome type that is crucial to resistance gene introgression and pyramidization in A. hypogaea.
ISSN:1932-6203
1932-6203
DOI:10.1371/journal.pone.0128811