Effect of ghrelin on mortality and cardiovascular outcomes in experimental rat and mice models of heart failure: a systematic review and meta-analysis

Heart failure (HF) continues to be a challenging condition in terms of prevention and management of the disease. Studies have demonstrated various cardio-protective effects of Ghrelin. The aim of the study is to determine the effect of Ghrelin on mortality and cardiac function in experimental rats/m...

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Published in:PloS one 2015-05, Vol.10 (5), p.e0126697-e0126697
Main Authors: Khatib, Mahalaqua Nazli, Shankar, Anuraj, Kirubakaran, Richard, Agho, Kingsley, Simkhada, Padam, Gaidhane, Shilpa, Saxena, Deepak, B, Unnikrishnan, Gode, Dilip, Gaidhane, Abhay, Zahiruddin, Syed Quazi
Format: Article
Language:English
Subjects:
Animal models
Animals
Blood pressure
Blood Pressure - drug effects
Cardiac output
Cardiotonic Agents - pharmacology
Cardiovascular diseases
Clinical trials
Collection Review
Data collection
Data processing
Diastolic pressure
Disease control
Disease Models, Animal
Drug dosages
Genetic aspects
Ghrelin
Ghrelin - administration & dosage
Ghrelin - pharmacology
Health risks
Heart attacks
Heart diseases
Heart failure
Heart Failure - drug therapy
Heart Failure - mortality
Heart rate
Heart Rate - drug effects
Judgments
Medical prognosis
Medicine
Meta-analysis
Mice
Mortality
Peptides
Physiological aspects
Prognosis
Public health
Quality
Quality assessment
Rats
Rats, Sprague-Dawley
Rats, Wistar
Rodents
Studies
Systematic review
Systolic pressure
Ventricle
Ventricular Function, Left
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Summary:Heart failure (HF) continues to be a challenging condition in terms of prevention and management of the disease. Studies have demonstrated various cardio-protective effects of Ghrelin. The aim of the study is to determine the effect of Ghrelin on mortality and cardiac function in experimental rats/mice models of HF. Data sources: PUBMED, Scopus. We searched the Digital Dissertations and conference proceedings on Web of Science. Search methods: We systematically searched for all controlled trials (upto November 2014) which assessed the effects of Ghrelin (irrespective of dose, form, frequency, duration and route of administration) on mortality and cardiac function in rats/ mice models of HF. Ghrelin administration irrespective of dose, form, frequency, duration and route of administration. Data collection and analysis: Two authors independently assessed each abstract for eligibility and extracted data on characteristics of the experimental model used, intervention and outcome measures. We assessed the methodological quality by SYRCLE's risk of bias tool for all studies and the quality of evidence by GRADEpro. We performed meta-analysis using RevMan 5.3. A total of 325 animals (rats and mice) were analyzed across seven studies. The meta-analysis revealed that the mortality in Ghrelin group was 31.1% and in control group was 40% (RR 0.83, 95% CI 0.46 to 1.47) i.e Ghrelin group had 68 fewer deaths per 1000 (from 216 fewer to 188 more) as compared to the control group. The meta-analysis reveals that the heart rate in rats/mice on Ghrelin was higher (MD 13.11, 95% CI 1.14 to 25.08, P=0.66) while the mean arterial blood pressure (MD -1.38, 95% CI -5.16 to 2.41, P=0.48) and left ventricular end diastolic pressure (MD -2.45, 95% CI -4.46 to -0.43, P=0.02) were lower as compared to the those on placebo. There were insignificant changes in cardiac output (SMD 0.28, 95% CI -0.24 to 0.80, P=0.29) and left ventricular end systolic pressure (MD 1.48, 95% CI -3.86 to 6.82, P=0.59). The existing data provides evidence to suggest that Ghrelin may lower the risk of mortality and improve cardiovascular outcomes. However; the quality of evidence as assessed by GRADEpro is low to very low. Clinical judgments to administer Ghrelin to patients with HF must be made on better designed animal studies.
ISSN:1932-6203
1932-6203
DOI:10.1371/journal.pone.0126697