Phage therapy as an approach to prevent Vibrio anguillarum infections in fish larvae production

Fish larvae in aquaculture have high mortality rates due to pathogenic bacteria, especially the Vibrio species, and ineffective prophylactic strategies. Vaccination is not feasible in larvae and antibiotics have reduced efficacy against multidrug resistant bacteria. A novel approach to controlling V...

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Bibliographic Details
Published in:PloS one 2014-12, Vol.9 (12), p.e114197-e114197
Main Authors: Silva, Yolanda J, Costa, Liliana, Pereira, Carla, Mateus, Cristiana, Cunha, Angela, Calado, Ricardo, Gomes, Newton C M, Pardo, Miguel A, Hernandez, Igor, Almeida, Adelaide
Format: Article
Language:English
Subjects:
Animals
Antibiotics
Aquaculture
Aquaculture - methods
Aquaculture industry
Bacteria
Bacterial infections
Bacteriophages
Bacteriophages - isolation & purification
Bacteriophages - physiology
Biology
Biology and Life Sciences
Danio rerio
Disease
Earth Sciences
Ecology and Environmental Sciences
Eggs
Epidemics
Farming
Fish
Fish Diseases - microbiology
Fish Diseases - prevention & control
Fishes
Health aspects
Infection
Infections
Laboratories
Larva - microbiology
Larvae
Microbiota
Mortality
Multidrug resistance
Oncorhynchus mykiss
Pathogens
Phages
Prevention
Pseudomonas aeruginosa
Ribosomal DNA
Therapy
Vaccination
Vibrio
Vibrio - isolation & purification
Vibrio - physiology
Vibrio - virology
Vibrio anguillarum
Vibrio Infections - prevention & control
Vibrio Infections - veterinary
Vibrio parahaemolyticus
Vibriosis
Water-borne diseases
Waterborne diseases
Yersinia pestis
Zebrafish
Zebrafish - growth & development
Zebrafish - microbiology
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Summary:Fish larvae in aquaculture have high mortality rates due to pathogenic bacteria, especially the Vibrio species, and ineffective prophylactic strategies. Vaccination is not feasible in larvae and antibiotics have reduced efficacy against multidrug resistant bacteria. A novel approach to controlling Vibrio infections in aquaculture is needed. The potential of phage therapy to combat vibriosis in fish larvae production has not yet been examined. We describe the isolation and characterization of two bacteriophages capable of infecting pathogenic Vibrio and their application to prevent bacterial infection in fish larvae. Two groups of zebrafish larvae were infected with V. anguillarum (∼106 CFU mL-1) and one was later treated with a phage lysate (∼108 PFU mL-1). A third group was only added with phages. A fourth group received neither bacteria nor phages (fish control). Larvae mortality, after 72 h, in the infected and treated group was similar to normal levels and significantly lower than that of the infected but not treated group, indicating that phage treatment was effective. Thus, directly supplying phages to the culture water could be an effective and inexpensive approach toward reducing the negative impact of vibriosis in larviculture.
ISSN:1932-6203
1932-6203
DOI:10.1371/journal.pone.0114197