Transorbital sonographic evaluation of normal optic nerve sheath diameter in healthy volunteers in Bangladesh

Measurement of optic nerve sheath diameter (ONSD) by ultrasound is increasingly used as a marker to detect raised intracranial pressure (ICP). ONSD varies with age and there is no clear consensus between studies for an upper limit of normal. Knowledge of normal ONSD in a healthy population is essent...

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Bibliographic Details
Published in:PloS one 2013-12, Vol.8 (12), p.e81013-e81013
Main Authors: Maude, Rapeephan R, Hossain, Md Amir, Hassan, Mahtab Uddin, Osbourne, Sophie, Sayeed, Katherine Langan Abu, Karim, Mohammed Rezaul, Samad, Rasheda, Borooah, Shyamanga, Dhillon, Bal, Day, Nicholas P J, Dondorp, Arjen M, Maude, Richard J
Format: Article
Language:English
Subjects:
Adolescent
Adults
Age
Age composition
Analysis
Bangladesh
Child
Child, Preschool
Children
Circumferences
Emergency medical care
Female
Females
Head injuries
Health aspects
Horizontal orientation
Hospitals
Humans
Hypertension
Intracranial pressure
Male
Males
Measurement
Measurement methods
Medical imaging
NMR
Nuclear magnetic resonance
Observational studies
Optic nerve
Optic Nerve - diagnostic imaging
Physicians
Studies
Tomography
Ultrasonography
Ultrasound
Vertical orientation
Veterinary medicine
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Summary:Measurement of optic nerve sheath diameter (ONSD) by ultrasound is increasingly used as a marker to detect raised intracranial pressure (ICP). ONSD varies with age and there is no clear consensus between studies for an upper limit of normal. Knowledge of normal ONSD in a healthy population is essential to interpret this measurement. In a prospective observational study, ONSD was measured using a 15 MHz ultrasound probe in healthy volunteers in Chittagong, Bangladesh. The aims were to determine the normal range of ONSD in healthy Bangladeshi adults and children, compare measurements in males and females, horizontal and vertical beam orientations and left and right eyes in the same individual and to determine whether ONSD varies with head circumference independent of age. 136 subjects were enrolled, 12.5% of whom were age 16 or under. Median ONSD was 4.41 mm with 95% of subjects in the range 4.25-4.75 mm. ONSD was bimodally distributed. There was no relationship between ONSD and age (≥4 years), gender, head circumference, and no difference in left vs right eye or horizontal vs vertical beam. Ultrasonographic ONSD in Bangladeshi healthy volunteers has a narrow bimodal distribution independent of age (≥4 years), gender and head circumference. ONSD >4.75 mm in this population should be considered abnormal.
ISSN:1932-6203
1932-6203
DOI:10.1371/journal.pone.0081013