Internalized gold nanoparticles do not affect the osteogenesis and apoptosis of MG63 osteoblast-like cells: a quantitative, in vitro study

The long-term toxicity effects of gold nanoparticles (GNPs) on the proliferation and differentiation of a progenitor cell line, MG63 osteoblast-like cells, was investigated. These cells were treated for 20 hours with two media that contained 10 nm GNPs at concentrations of 1 ppm and 10 ppm. The mito...

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Bibliographic Details
Published in:PloS one 2013-10, Vol.8 (10), p.e76545
Main Authors: Tsai, Shiao-Wen, Liaw, Jiunn-Woei, Kao, Ya-Chen, Huang, Meng-Yu, Lee, Chia-Ying, Rau, Lih-Rou, Huang, Chiung-Yin, Wei, Kuo-Chen, Ye, Tzu-Chen
Format: Article
Language:English
Subjects:
Apoptosis
Apoptosis - drug effects
Biocompatibility
Biodegradability
Biodegradation
Bioindicators
Biological Transport
Biomarkers
Biomedical engineering
Biomedical materials
Cell death
Cell Differentiation - drug effects
Cell division
Cell Line, Tumor
Cell proliferation
Cell Proliferation - drug effects
Cell Survival - drug effects
Cytotoxicity
Differentiation
Drug dosages
Endosomes
Endosomes - metabolism
Endosomes - ultrastructure
Fibroblasts
Fluorescence
Fluorescence microscopy
Gene expression
Genetic aspects
Gold
Gold - pharmacology
Hospitals
Humans
Hyperspectral imaging
Mechanical engineering
Metal Nanoparticles - ultrastructure
Microscopy, Electron, Transmission
Mitosis
Nanoparticles
Neurosurgery
Osteoblastogenesis
Osteoblasts - drug effects
Osteoblasts - ultrastructure
Osteogenesis
Osteogenesis - drug effects
Physiological aspects
Progenitor cells
Quantum dots
Researchers
Stem cells
Studies
Toxicity
Vesicle fusion
Viability
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Summary:The long-term toxicity effects of gold nanoparticles (GNPs) on the proliferation and differentiation of a progenitor cell line, MG63 osteoblast-like cells, was investigated. These cells were treated for 20 hours with two media that contained 10 nm GNPs at concentrations of 1 ppm and 10 ppm. The mitosis of the GNP-treated MG63 was observed after at least 21 hours using dark-field and fluorescence microscopy. The TEM, LSCM and dark-field hyperspectral images indicated that the late endosomes in cells that contained aggregated GNPs were caused by vesicle fusion. Subsequently, after 21 days of being cultured in fresh medium, the specific nodule-like phenotypes and bone-associated gene expression of the treated MG63 cells exhibited the same behaviors as those of the control group. Statistically, after 21 days, the viability of the treated cells was identical to that of the untreated ones. During the cell death program analysis, the apoptosis and necrosis percentages of cells treated for 8 or fewer days were also observed to exhibit no significant difference with those of the untreated cells. In summary, our experiments show that the long-term toxicity of GNPs on the osteogenetic differentiation of MG63 is low. In addition, because of their low toxicity and non-biodegradability, GNPs can potentially be used as biomarkers for the long-term optical observation of the differentiation of progenitor or stem cells based on their plasmonic light-scattering properties.
ISSN:1932-6203
1932-6203
DOI:10.1371/journal.pone.0076545